Choi Janghan, Shakeri Majid, Kim Woo Kyun, Kong Byungwhi, Bowker Brian, Zhuang Hong
USDA-ARS, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA, United States.
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Physiol. 2024 Oct 9;15:1456664. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1456664. eCollection 2024.
Spaghetti meat (SM) and wooden breast (WB) are emerging myopathies in the breast meat of fast-growing broiler chickens. The purpose of the study was to investigate the metabolomic differences between normal (N), SM, and WB fillets 24 h postmortem.
Eight chicken breasts for each experimental group were collected from a commercial processing plant. Supernatant from tissue homogenates were subjected to ultra-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis.
A total of 3,090 metabolites were identified in the chicken breast meat. The comparison of WB and N showed 850 differential metabolites ( < 0.05), and the comparison of SM and N displayed 617 differential metabolites. The comparison of WB and SM showed 568 differential metabolites. The principal component analysis (PCA) plots showed a distinct separation between SM and N and between WB and N except for one sample, but SM and WB were not distinctly separated. Compared to N, 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) increased, and D-inositol-4-phosphate decreased in both SM and WB, indicating that cellular homeostasis and lipid metabolism can be affected in SM and WB. The abundance of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H) (NADH) was exclusively decreased between SM and N ( < 0.05). Purine metabolism was upregulated in SM and WB compared to N with a greater degree of upregulation in WB than SM. Folic acid levels decreased in SM and WB compared to N ( < 0.05). Steroid hormone biosynthesis was downregulated in SM compared to N ( < 0.05). Carbon metabolism was downregulated in SM and WB compared to N with greater degree of downregulation in WB than SM ( < 0.05). These data suggest both shared and unique metabolic alterations in SM and WB, indicating commonalities and differences in their underlying etiologies and meat quality traits. Dietary supplementation of deficient nutrients, such as NADH, folic acids, etc. and modulation of altered pathways in SM and WB would be strategies to reduce the incidence and severity of SM and WB.
意大利面条状胸肌（SM）和木胸肌（WB）是快速生长的肉鸡胸肉中出现的肌病。本研究的目的是调查宰后24小时正常（N）、SM和WB鸡胸肉之间的代谢组学差异。
从一家商业加工厂收集每个实验组的8个鸡胸肉。将组织匀浆的上清液进行超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS）分析。
在鸡胸肉中总共鉴定出3090种代谢物。WB与N的比较显示有850种差异代谢物（<0.05），SM与N的比较显示有617种差异代谢物。WB与SM的比较显示有568种差异代谢物。主成分分析（PCA）图显示，除了一个样本外，SM与N之间以及WB与N之间有明显分离，但SM与WB没有明显分离。与N相比，SM和WB中的15-羟基二十碳四烯酸（15-HETE）增加，D-肌醇-4-磷酸减少，这表明SM和WB中的细胞稳态和脂质代谢可能受到影响。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）+氢（H）（NADH）的丰度仅在SM与N之间降低（<0.05）。与N相比，SM和WB中的嘌呤代谢上调，WB的上调程度大于SM。与N相比，SM和WB中的叶酸水平降低（<0.05）。与N相比，SM中的类固醇激素生物合成下调（<0.05）。与N相比，SM和WB中的碳代谢下调，WB的下调程度大于SM（<0.05）。这些数据表明SM和WB中存在共同和独特的代谢改变，表明它们潜在病因和肉质性状的共性和差异。膳食补充缺乏的营养素，如NADH、叶酸等，以及调节SM和WB中改变的途径将是降低SM和WB发生率和严重程度的策略。
