Jobes D A, Berman A L, Josselson A R
J Forensic Sci. 1986 Jan;31(1):177-89.
This study evaluated the impact of psychological information on medical examiners' determination of manner of death in equivocal cases. Ten cases, a typical and equivocal case for each of five case types (single car, child, autoerotic, psychotic, and Russian roulette death) were evaluated for manner of death by 195 medical examiner subjects. From this sample 95 control subjects received 10 cases made up of physical and circumstantial evidence, while 100 experimental subjects received the same 10 cases expanded with brief psychological autopsies. Psychological information was shown to have a statistically significant impact on subjects' determination (and certainty) of manner of death is equivocal cases and even in some typical cases.
本研究评估了心理信息对法医在疑难案件中判定死亡方式的影响。195名法医受试者对10个案例进行了死亡方式评估，这10个案例包括五种案例类型（单车事故、儿童、自淫性窒息、精神病患者和俄罗斯轮盘赌死亡）中的各一个典型案例和疑难案例。在这个样本中，95名对照受试者收到了由物证和间接证据组成的10个案例，而100名实验受试者收到了同样的10个案例，但增加了简短的心理尸检信息。结果显示，心理信息对受试者在疑难案件甚至一些典型案件中判定死亡方式（以及确定性）具有统计学上的显著影响。
