Department of Anatomy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
General Hospital of Tibet Military Region, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lhasa, China.
J Craniofac Surg. 2024;35(2):490-494. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009766. Epub 2023 Oct 17.
The purpose of this study was to understand sex differences and variations in facial indices among Tibetans and to create and evaluate anthropometric data on facial morphology. The study population consisted of 476 native Tibetans (241 males and 235 females) aged 18 to 24 years. The means and SD facial width was 133.53±7.31 mm for males and 133.95±8.10 mm for females; the difference between the sexes was not statistically significant. The means and SD facial height was 107.68±5.76 mm for males and 111.95±14.28 mm for females; the difference between the sexes was statistically significant (u=-8.394, P=0.000). The morphologic facial index was 80.86±5.82 (means±SD) for males and 83.91±11.90 (means±SD) for females; the difference between the sexes was statistically significant (u=-6.581, P=0.000). The proportion of the Tibetan male facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (45.6%) > euryprosopic (31.1%) > mesoprosopic (18.7%) > leptoprosopic (3.3%) > hyperleptoprosopic (1.2%). The proportion of the Tibetan female facial shape was hypereuryprosopic (25.5%) > mesoprosopic (22.6%) > euryprosopic (21.7%) > leptoprosopic (17.4%) > hyperleptoprosopic (12.8%). Facial width was positively correlated with height (male r=0.306, P=0.000; female r=0.144, P=0.027), weight (r=0.470, P=0.000 for males; r=0.337, P=0.000 for females), and BMI (r=0.378, P=0.000 for males; r=0.291, P=0.000 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with height (r=0.329, P=0.000 for males; r=0.137, P=0.035 for females) and weight (r=0.391, P=0.000 for males; r=0.170, P=0.009 for females). Facial height was positively correlated with BMI in Tibetan males (r=0.293, P=0.000), but no significant correlation was found in Tibetan females. The morphologic facial index of Tibetans was positively correlated with age (r=0.183, P=0.004 for males; r=0.171, P=0.009 for females). The results indicated that Tibetan youth in Tibet have a predominantly hypereuryprosopic facial shape and that facial features are related to age, height, and weight. Some common facial morphology features exist among the Tibet Tibetans, northeastern Indians, and Nepalese in the 3 different regions of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The data from this study provide basic information for the study of Tibetans in the fields of physical anthropology, forensic medicine, maxillofacial surgery, and plastic surgery.
本研究旨在了解藏族人群的面部指数的性别差异和变化，并创建和评估面部形态的人体测量学数据。研究人群包括 476 名 18 至 24 岁的土生土长的藏族人（241 名男性和 235 名女性）。男性的平均和标准差面部宽度为 133.53±7.31 毫米，女性为 133.95±8.10 毫米；性别之间的差异无统计学意义。男性的平均和标准差面部高度为 107.68±5.76 毫米，女性为 111.95±14.28 毫米；性别之间的差异有统计学意义（u=-8.394，P=0.000）。形态面部指数男性为 80.86±5.82（平均值±标准差），女性为 83.91±11.90（平均值±标准差）；性别之间的差异有统计学意义（u=-6.581，P=0.000）。藏族男性面部形状的比例为超阔面型（45.6%）>阔面型（31.1%）>中面型（18.7%）>狭面型（3.3%）>超狭面型（1.2%）。藏族女性面部形状的比例为超阔面型（25.5%）>中面型（22.6%）>阔面型（21.7%）>狭面型（17.4%）>超狭面型（12.8%）。面部宽度与高度呈正相关（男性 r=0.306，P=0.000；女性 r=0.144，P=0.027），与体重（r=0.470，P=0.000 男性；r=0.337，P=0.000 女性）和 BMI（r=0.378，P=0.000 男性；r=0.291，P=0.000 女性）呈正相关。面部高度与身高呈正相关（男性 r=0.329，P=0.000；女性 r=0.137，P=0.035）和体重（r=0.391，P=0.000 男性；r=0.170，P=0.009 女性）呈正相关。藏族男性的面部高度与 BMI 呈正相关（r=0.293，P=0.000），但在藏族女性中未发现显著相关性。藏族人的形态面部指数与年龄呈正相关（男性 r=0.183，P=0.004；女性 r=0.171，P=0.009）。结果表明，西藏的青年藏族人主要具有超阔面型，面部特征与年龄、身高和体重有关。藏族、东北印度人和尼泊尔人在三个不同的藏缅语族地区具有一些共同的面部形态特征。本研究的数据为体质人类学、法医学、颌面外科和整形外科学领域的藏族人研究提供了基础信息。
