Kuhlman Nicholas M, Jagim Andrew R, Jones Margaret T, Feit Mary Kate, Fields Jennifer B
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
Sports Medicine Department, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin.
J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Feb 1;39(2):234-241. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004960. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
Kuhlman, NM, Jagim, AR, Jones, MT, Feit, MK, and Fields, JB. A comparison of match external load demands across women's collegiate field sports. J Strength Cond Res 39(2): 234-241, 2025-Historically, soccer (SOC), lacrosse (LAX), and field hockey (FH) have been grouped together as "field sports" due to their intermittent nature of match play and similar physiological demands. However, questions have emerged regarding potential variations in demands between sports. The purpose of this study was to compare external match workloads between collegiate women's SOC, LAX, and FH, and examine within-sport positional differences. Athletes (SOC: n = 15; LAX: n = 15; FH: n = 14) wore a global positioning system device during all matches throughout a competitive season. External load metrics included in the analysis were total distance (TD), sprint distance (SD), accelerations (>3 m·s -2 ), sprint efforts (SE), player load (PL), PL per minute (PL/min), top speed (m·s -1 ), and distances covered in select speed zones. Soccer performed higher external load volumes (TD, PL) ( p ≤ 0.025) but incurred lower intensities (SD, SE, accelerations) ( p < 0.001) compared with LAX and FH. Within-sport positional differences were apparent in SOC ( p < 0.001-0.018), LAX ( p < 0.001-0.045), and FH ( p < 0.001-0.004). However, FH exhibited more positional variance in external load metrics compared with SOC or LAX. Field hockey midfielders covered greater volumes (TD, PL) compared with attackers and defenders ( p < 0.001), while attackers sustained greater intensities (SD, SE, top speed) compared with midfielders and defenders ( p < 0.004). Results indicate that there are significant differences in external workload parameters between sports and across positions. Practitioners should tailor sport-specific and position-specific programs to match demands, and future research should explore the proposed categorizations of LAX as a "fast collision invasion sport," FH as a "fast contact invasion sport," and SOC as a "slow contact invasion sport."
库尔曼，NM，贾吉姆，AR，琼斯，MT，费特，MK，以及菲尔兹，JB。女子大学田径运动比赛外部负荷需求的比较。《力量与体能研究杂志》39(2): 234 - 241，2025年——从历史上看，足球（SOC）、长曲棍球（LAX）和曲棍球（FH）因其比赛的间歇性和相似的生理需求，一直被归为“田径运动”。然而，关于不同运动之间需求的潜在差异出现了一些问题。本研究的目的是比较大学女子足球、长曲棍球和曲棍球比赛的外部工作量，并研究运动项目内部的位置差异。运动员（足球：n = 15；长曲棍球：n = 15；曲棍球：n = 14）在一个竞技赛季的所有比赛中佩戴全球定位系统设备。分析中包括的外部负荷指标有总距离（TD）、冲刺距离（SD）、加速度（>3米·秒-2）、冲刺次数（SE）、运动员负荷（PL）、每分钟运动员负荷（PL/min）、最高速度（米·秒-1）以及在选定速度区域内覆盖的距离。与长曲棍球和曲棍球相比，足球的外部负荷量（TD、PL）更高（p≤0.025），但强度更低（SD、SE、加速度）（p<0.001）。足球、长曲棍球和曲棍球运动项目内部的位置差异明显（足球：p<0.001 - 0.018；长曲棍球：p<0.001 - 0.045；曲棍球：p<0.001 - 0.004）。然而，与足球或长曲棍球相比，曲棍球在外部负荷指标上表现出更多的位置差异。曲棍球中场球员的负荷量（TD、PL）比前锋和后卫更大（p<0.001），而前锋的强度（SD、SE、最高速度）比中场球员和后卫更大（p<0.004）。结果表明，不同运动项目之间以及不同位置之间的外部工作量参数存在显著差异。从业者应制定针对特定运动和特定位置的训练计划以匹配需求，未来的研究应探索将长曲棍球归类为“快速碰撞侵入性运动”、曲棍球归类为“快速接触侵入性运动”以及足球归类为“慢速接触侵入性运动”的提议。
