Institution: Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.
Institution: Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.
Cell Immunol. 2024 Nov-Dec;405-406:104885. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104885. Epub 2024 Oct 18.
Uveitis is a prevalent inflammatory eye disease that primarily affects working-age individuals and can lead to blindness if untreated. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine with broad immunosuppressive properties and plays a significant role in various pathological and physiological processes. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in uveitis remain incompletely understood. This review aims to shed light on the biological characteristics of IL-10, its involvement in the uveitis pathophysiology, and its potential as a novel therapeutic target. By examining existing literature, the review analyzes IL-10 expression levels and regulatory mechanisms in different types of uveitis, discussing its role in immune regulation. Despite IL-10 being expressed variably across various forms of autoimmune uveitis, studies consistently highlight its protective role, prompting research into ways to enhance its bioavailability in the eye. IL-10 is often upregulated in infectious uveitis, contributing to pathogen immune evasion. Furthermore, primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), which shares clinical similarities with uveitis, also shows upregulated IL-10 levels, whereas IL-6 is more commonly elevated in uveitis. This differential expression suggests that IL-6 and IL-10 could be diagnostic markers to distinguish between PIOL and uveitis. Future research should continue to focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of IL-10 in uveitis, exploring its potential therapeutic applications, and developing targeted treatments that leverage the immunomodulatory effects of IL-10 to prevent and manage this sight-threatening condition.
葡萄膜炎是一种常见的眼部炎症性疾病，主要影响工作年龄段的人群，如果不治疗可能导致失明。白细胞介素-10（IL-10）是一种具有广泛免疫抑制特性的多功能细胞因子，在各种病理和生理过程中发挥着重要作用。然而，其在葡萄膜炎中的具体作用和潜在机制尚不完全清楚。本综述旨在阐明 IL-10 的生物学特性、其在葡萄膜炎发病机制中的作用及其作为新型治疗靶点的潜力。通过对现有文献的研究，本综述分析了不同类型葡萄膜炎中 IL-10 的表达水平和调控机制，讨论了其在免疫调节中的作用。尽管在各种自身免疫性葡萄膜炎中，IL-10 的表达存在差异，但研究一致强调了其保护作用，促使人们研究如何增强其在眼部的生物利用度。IL-10 在感染性葡萄膜炎中常被上调，有助于病原体的免疫逃逸。此外，与葡萄膜炎具有相似临床特征的原发性眼内淋巴瘤（PIOL）也表现出 IL-10 水平的上调，而在葡萄膜炎中更常见的是 IL-6 的升高。这种差异表达表明，IL-6 和 IL-10 可能是区分 PIOL 和葡萄膜炎的诊断标志物。未来的研究应继续关注阐明 IL-10 在葡萄膜炎中的分子机制，探索其潜在的治疗应用，并开发靶向治疗方法，利用 IL-10 的免疫调节作用来预防和管理这种威胁视力的疾病。
