Komolkriengkrai Manaras, Matsathit Udomlak, Sirinupong Nualpun, Khimmaktong Wipapan
Department of Anatomy, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, Thailand.
Histol Histopathol. 2025 May;40(5):669-678. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-825. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Diabetic eye disease, known as diabetic retinopathy (DR), is one of the problems that can arise from having high blood sugar for an extended period. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the edible bird's nest (EBN) on retinal angiogenesis in diabetic rats.
The 50 rats were separated into five different groups, each containing 10 rats: control, diabetes (DM), bird's nest-fed diabetes (75 mg/kg Body weight; BW), (EBN 75), (150 mg/kg BW) (EBN 150), and glyburide (GR) for an eight-week study. H&E and Masson's trichrome staining were utilized to investigate the retinal tissue and vascular changes. The immunofluorescence study was used to detect angiogenic protein expression. The vascular corrosion cast/SEM method was also used to evaluate capillary plexus formation within the retinal layer.
From histological studies, DM rats have thinning of the retinal layer. Remarkably, the retinal vessels displayed dilations resembling ruptured blood vessels. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (30.51±2.62), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) (28.18±0.22), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β) (141.67±0.97) were increased. EBN 75 exhibited some small improvements in their blood vessels and eye tissue. At a dose of 150 mg/kg BW, EBN proved to be more effective. There was a significant decrease in VEGF and CD31 expression compared with the diabetic group (<0.001 and <0.01, respectively).
These studies have demonstrated that EBN can lower the growth levels of VEGF, CD31, and PDGFR-β, which results in a decrease in angiogenesis and a recovery from a variety of diabetic retinopathy-related diseases.
糖尿病眼病，即糖尿病视网膜病变（DR），是长期高血糖可能引发的问题之一。本研究旨在探讨食用燕窝（EBN）对糖尿病大鼠视网膜血管生成的影响。
将50只大鼠分为五个不同组，每组10只：对照组、糖尿病组（DM）、燕窝喂养糖尿病组（75毫克/千克体重；BW）（EBN 75）、（150毫克/千克体重）（EBN 150）以及格列本脲（GR）组，进行为期八周的研究。采用苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色和马松三色染色法研究视网膜组织和血管变化。免疫荧光研究用于检测血管生成蛋白表达。血管铸型/扫描电子显微镜（SEM）方法也用于评估视网膜层内毛细血管丛的形成。
组织学研究显示，糖尿病大鼠视网膜层变薄。值得注意的是，视网膜血管出现扩张，类似破裂血管。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）（30.51±2.62）、分化簇31（CD31）（28.18±0.22）和血小板衍生生长因子受体β（PDGFR-β）（141.67±0.97）的表达增加。EBN 75在血管和眼组织方面有一些小的改善。在150毫克/千克体重的剂量下，EBN被证明更有效。与糖尿病组相比，VEGF和CD31表达显著降低（分别<0.001和<0.01）。
这些研究表明，EBN可降低VEGF、CD31和PDGFR-β的生长水平，从而减少血管生成，并从多种糖尿病视网膜病变相关疾病中恢复。
