Mochales Cuesta Ignacio, Jiménez-Sáiz Sergio L, Kelly Adam L, Bustamante-Sánchez Álvaro
Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Sport Sciences Research Centre, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28942 Madrid, Spain.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Oct 10;9(4):192. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9040192.
This systematic review analyzes the factors that influence home advantage in basketball across various competitions in the United States and Europe.
Through an investigation of English- and Spanish-language articles published in EBSCO, Scopus, Consensus, and Web of Science between 2010 and 2024 related to home advantage in basketball, 1682 articles were initially identified. After applying specific filters to ensure that only articles concerning National Basketball Association (NBA), Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), Euroleague, Spanish basketball, and European basketball were considered, 39 articles met the final requirements for in-depth analysis.
The studies analyzed in this review suggested that player performance, player position, and sleep influenced home advantage in competitions in Europe and the United States. Fan behavior had a bigger impact in European competitions, where teams from capital cities have a lower home advantage. In the United States, where teams must travel long distances to play, several studies indicated that teams traveling eastwards tend to perform more strongly than teams traveling westwards. Also of note is that, in many cases, COVID-19 pandemic restrictions reduced home advantage.
This review identifies factors contributing to home advantage in basketball, compares competitions in different regions, and proposes ideas for future research such as a greater focus on women's competitions, the impact of television, and the introduction of new performance indicators.
本系统评价分析了在美国和欧洲各类篮球比赛中影响主场优势的因素。
通过检索2010年至2024年间在EBSCO、Scopus、Consensus和科学网发表的与篮球主场优势相关的英文和西班牙文文章，初步筛选出1682篇文章。在应用特定筛选条件确保仅纳入有关美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）、美国女子职业篮球联赛（WNBA）、欧洲篮球联赛、西班牙篮球和欧洲篮球的文章后，39篇文章符合深入分析的最终要求。
本评价分析的研究表明，球员表现、球员位置和睡眠会影响欧美比赛中的主场优势。球迷行为在欧洲比赛中的影响更大，首都城市的球队主场优势较低。在美国，球队比赛时需长途跋涉，多项研究表明，向东行进的球队往往比向西行进的球队表现更强。同样值得注意的是，在许多情况下，新冠疫情限制措施降低了主场优势。
本评价确定了篮球主场优势的影响因素，比较了不同地区的比赛，并提出了未来研究方向，如更多关注女子比赛、电视转播的影响以及引入新的表现指标。
