Souan Lina, Abdel-Razeq Hikmat, Sughayer Maher A
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan.
Department of Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Oct 2;46(10):11124-11135. doi: 10.3390/cimb46100660.
COVID-19 continues to impact healthcare workers (HCWs), making it crucial to investigate vaccine response rates. This study examined HCWs' humoral and cellular immunological responses to COVID-19 booster dosages. We enrolled thirty-four vaccinated HCWs. Twelve received a booster. Post-immunization, the participants' anti-COVID-19 IgG antibodies and IFN-γ secretion were assessed. The median second immunization response time was 406.5 days. Eighteen of twenty-two (81.8%) experienced breakthrough infections after the second vaccination, whereas ten out of twelve individuals who received booster doses had breakthrough infections (83.3%). Six of thirty-four HCWs (17.6%) had no breakthrough infections. Booster-injection recipients had a median antibody titer of 19,592 AU/mL, compared to 7513.55 AU/mL. HCWs with breakthrough infections exhibited a median antibody titer of 13,271.9 AU/mL, compared to 7770.65 AU/mL for those without infections. Breakthrough-infection and booster-injection groups had a slightly higher median T-cell response to antigens 1, 2, and 3. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and T-cell responsiveness were positively associated. HCWs sustain cellular and humoral immunity for over 10 months. Irrespective of the type of vaccine, booster injections enhance these immune responses. The results of our research are consistent with previous studies, and a multicenter investigation could validate the findings.
新冠病毒 2019 型（COVID - 19）持续影响医护人员（HCWs），因此研究疫苗反应率至关重要。本研究检测了医护人员对 COVID - 19 加强剂量的体液和细胞免疫反应。我们招募了 34 名接种过疫苗的医护人员。其中 12 人接受了加强针注射。免疫接种后，评估了参与者的抗 COVID - 19 IgG 抗体和 IFN -γ 分泌情况。第二次免疫的中位反应时间为 406.5 天。22 人中的 18 人（81.8%）在第二次接种疫苗后出现突破性感染，而接受加强针注射的 12 人中，有 10 人（83.3%）出现突破性感染。34 名医护人员中有 6 人（17.6%）未出现突破性感染。接受加强针注射者的抗体滴度中位数为 19592 AU/mL，而未接受加强针注射者为 7513.55 AU/mL。出现突破性感染的医护人员抗体滴度中位数为 13271.9 AU/mL，未感染的医护人员为 7770.65 AU/mL。出现突破性感染组和接受加强针注射组对抗原 1、2 和 3 的 T 细胞反应中位数略高。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体滴度与 T 细胞反应性呈正相关。医护人员的细胞免疫和体液免疫可维持 10 个月以上。无论疫苗类型如何，加强针注射均可增强这些免疫反应。我们的研究结果与先前研究一致，多中心调查可验证这些发现。
