Sinai Health System, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; University of Toronto, 27 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
Sinai Health System, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Vaccine. 2024 Oct 24;42(24):126271. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126271. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
The demand for COVID-19 vaccines has diminished as the pandemic lingers. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among essential workers is important in reducing the impact of future pandemics by providing effective immunization programs delivered expeditiously.
Two surveys exploring COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in 2021 and 2022 were conducted in cohorts of health care providers (HCP) and education workers participating in prospective studies of COVID-19 illnesses and vaccine uptake. Demographic factors and opinions about vaccines (monovalent and bivalent) and public health measures were collected in these self-reported surveys. Modified multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine factors associated with hesitancy.
In 2021, 3 % of 2061 HCP and 6 % of 3417 education workers reported hesitancy (p < 0.001). In December 2022, 21 % of 868 HCP and 24 % of 1457 education workers reported being hesitant to receive a bivalent vaccine (p = 0.09). Hesitance to be vaccinated with the monovalent vaccines was associated with earlier date of survey completion, later receipt of first COVID-19 vaccine dose, no influenza vaccination, and less worry about becoming ill with COVID-19. Factors associated with hesitance to be vaccinated with a bivalent vaccine that were common to both cohorts were receipt of two or fewer previous COVID-19 doses and lower certainty that the vaccines were safe and effective.
Education workers were somewhat more likely than HCP to report being hesitant to receive COVID-19 vaccines but reasons for hesitancy were similar. Hesitancy was associated with non-receipt of previous vaccines (i.e., previous behaviour), less concern about being infected with SARS-CoV-2, and concerns about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines for both cohorts. Maintaining inter-pandemic trust in vaccines, ensuring rapid data generation during pandemics regarding vaccine safety and effectiveness, and effective and transparent communication about these data are all needed to support pandemic vaccination programs.
随着大流行的持续，对 COVID-19 疫苗的需求已经减少。了解基本工作人员的疫苗犹豫情绪对于减少未来大流行的影响非常重要，这可以通过提供迅速实施的有效免疫计划来实现。
在参与 COVID-19 疾病和疫苗接种前瞻性研究的医疗保健提供者（HCP）和教育工作者队列中，进行了两项关于 2021 年和 2022 年 COVID-19 疫苗接受度的调查。在这些自我报告的调查中，收集了人口统计学因素和对疫苗（单价和双价）和公共卫生措施的意见。使用修正的多变量泊松回归来确定与犹豫相关的因素。
2021 年，2061 名 HCP 中有 3%和 3417 名教育工作者中有 6%报告犹豫不决（p<0.001）。2022 年 12 月，868 名 HCP 中有 21%和 1457 名教育工作者中有 24%报告对接种双价疫苗犹豫不决（p=0.09）。接种单价疫苗犹豫不决与调查完成日期较早、首次 COVID-19 疫苗接种较晚、未接种流感疫苗以及对感染 COVID-19 的担忧程度较低有关。两个队列中共同存在与接种双价疫苗犹豫不决相关的因素是接种了两剂或更少的以前的 COVID-19 疫苗，并且对疫苗的安全性和有效性不太确定。
教育工作者比 HCP 更有可能报告对接种 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决，但犹豫不决的原因相似。犹豫不决与未接种以前的疫苗（即以前的行为）、对感染 SARS-CoV-2 的担忧程度较低以及对两批疫苗的安全性和有效性的担忧有关。在大流行期间，需要保持对疫苗的跨大流行信任，迅速生成关于疫苗安全性和有效性的数据，并就这些数据进行有效和透明的沟通，以支持大流行疫苗接种计划。
