Centre for Flexible Electronics and Advanced Materials, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri 690525, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri 690525, India.
Biosensors (Basel). 2024 Oct 8;14(10):483. doi: 10.3390/bios14100483.
Wearable tear-based biosensors have garnered substantial interest for real time monitoring with an emphasis on personalized health care. These biosensors utilize major tear biomarkers such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and electrolytes for the detection and recording of stable biological signals in a non-invasive manner. The present comprehensive review delves deep into the tear composition along with potential biomarkers that can identify, monitor, and predict certain ocular diseases such as dry eye disease, conjunctivitis, eye-related infections, as well as diabetes mellitus. Recent technologies in tear-based wearable point-of-care medical devices, specifically the state-of-the-art and prospects of glucose, pH, lactate, protein, lipid, and electrolyte sensing from tear are discussed. Finally, the review addresses the existing challenges associated with the widespread application of tear-based sensors, which will pave the way for advanced scientific research and development of such non-invasive health monitoring devices.
可穿戴泪液生物传感器因其在实时监测方面的应用而备受关注，尤其侧重于个性化医疗保健。这些生物传感器利用主要的泪液生物标志物，如蛋白质、脂质、代谢物和电解质，以非侵入性方式检测和记录稳定的生物信号。本综述深入探讨了泪液成分以及潜在的生物标志物，这些标志物可用于识别、监测和预测某些眼部疾病，如干眼症、结膜炎、眼部感染以及糖尿病等。文中还讨论了泪液可穿戴即时检测医疗设备的最新技术，特别是从泪液中检测葡萄糖、pH 值、乳酸盐、蛋白质、脂质和电解质的最新技术和前景。最后，该综述讨论了与泪液传感器广泛应用相关的现有挑战，这将为这种非侵入性健康监测设备的先进科学研究和开发铺平道路。
