School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
School of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2024 Oct 17;14(10):506. doi: 10.3390/bios14100506.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting the lives of millions of people worldwide. Although the mechanism underlying PD pathogenesis is largely undefined, increasing evidence indicates that oxidative and nitrosative stresses play a crucial role in PD occurrence and development. Among them, the role of oxidative stress has been widely acknowledged, but there is relatively less attention given to nitrosative stress, which is mainly derived from peroxynitrite. In the present review, after briefly introducing the background of PD, we discuss the physiopathological function of peroxynitrite and especially highlight how overloaded peroxynitrite is involved in PD pathogenesis. Then, we summarize the currently reported fluorescence imaging-based peroxynitrite detection probes. Moreover, we specifically emphasize the probes that have been applied in PD research. Finally, we propose perspectives on how to develop a more applicable peroxynitrite probe and leverage it for PD theranostics. Conclusively, the present review broadens the knowledge on the pathological role of peroxynitrite in the context of PD and sheds light on how to develop and utilize fluorescence imaging-based strategies for peroxynitrite detection.
帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病，影响着全球数百万人的生活。尽管 PD 发病机制的基础在很大程度上尚未明确，但越来越多的证据表明氧化应激和硝化应激在 PD 的发生和发展中起着关键作用。其中，氧化应激的作用已得到广泛认可，但硝化应激的作用相对较少受到关注，硝化应激主要来自过氧亚硝酸盐。在本综述中，在简要介绍 PD 的背景后，我们讨论了过氧亚硝酸盐的生理病理功能，并特别强调了过氧亚硝酸盐如何参与 PD 的发病机制。然后，我们总结了目前报道的基于荧光成像的过氧亚硝酸盐检测探针。此外，我们特别强调了已应用于 PD 研究的探针。最后，我们提出了如何开发更适用的过氧亚硝酸盐探针并将其用于 PD 治疗的观点。总之，本综述拓宽了过氧亚硝酸盐在 PD 背景下的病理作用的知识，并阐明了如何开发和利用基于荧光成像的过氧亚硝酸盐检测策略。
