Sousa Suania Maria do Nascimento, Garcias Josinete Torres, Farias Marceli Ruani De Oliveira, Lima Allana Laís Alves, Sousa Rosiane do Socorro Dos Reis de, Philippsen Hellen Kempfer, Madeira Lucimar Di Paula Dos Santos, Rogez Herve, Marques Joana Montezano
Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil.
Faculty of Biology, Socioenvironmental and Water Resources Institute, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Sep 24;13(10):757. doi: 10.3390/biology13100757.
Mart., also known for its fruit açaí, is a palm native to the Amazon region. The state of Pará, Brazil, accounts for over 90% of açaí production. Demand for the fruit in national and international markets is increasing; however, climate change and diseases such as anthracnose, caused by the fungus sp., lead to decreased production. To meet demand, measures such as expanding cultivation in upland areas are often adopted, requiring substantial economic investments, particularly in irrigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of açaí rhizobacteria in promoting plant growth (PGPR). Rhizospheric soil samples from floodplain and upland açaí plantations were collected during rainy and dry seasons. Bacterial strains were isolated using the serial dilution method, and subsequent assays evaluated their ability to promote plant growth. Soil analyses indicated that the sampling period influenced the physicochemical properties of both areas, with increases observed during winter for most soil components like organic matter and C/N ratio. A total of 177 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheres of açaí trees cultivated in floodplain and upland areas across dry and rainy seasons. Among these strains, 24% produced IAA, 18% synthesized ACC deaminase, 11% mineralized organic phosphate, and 9% solubilized inorganic phosphate, among other characteristics. Interestingly, 88% inhibited the growth of phytopathogenic fungi of the genera and . Analysis under simulated water stress using Polyethylene Glycol 6000 revealed that 23% of the strains exhibited tolerance. Two strains were identified as (PP218346) and (PP218347). Inoculation with these strains increased the speed and percentage of açaí seed germination. When inoculated in consortium, 85% of seeds germinated under severe stress, compared to only 10% in the control treatment. Therefore, these bacteria show potential for use as biofertilizers, enhancing the initial development of açaí plants and contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.
玛瑙棕（Mart.），也因其果实阿萨伊而闻名，是一种原产于亚马逊地区的棕榈树。巴西帕拉州的阿萨伊产量占全国的90%以上。国内外市场对这种水果的需求不断增加；然而，气候变化以及由真菌引起的炭疽病等病害导致产量下降。为了满足需求，人们经常采取在高地地区扩大种植等措施，这需要大量的经济投资，尤其是在灌溉方面。因此，本研究的目的是评估阿萨伊根际细菌促进植物生长的潜力（植物生长促进根际细菌，PGPR）。在雨季和旱季采集了来自洪泛区和高地阿萨伊种植园的根际土壤样本。使用连续稀释法分离细菌菌株，随后的试验评估了它们促进植物生长的能力。土壤分析表明，采样期影响了两个地区的理化性质，冬季大多数土壤成分如有机质和碳氮比有所增加。在旱季和雨季，从洪泛区和高地种植的阿萨伊树的根际共分离出177株细菌菌株。在这些菌株中，24%产生吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA），18%合成1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）脱氨酶，11%矿化有机磷，9%溶解无机磷，还有其他特性。有趣的是，88%抑制了和属植物病原真菌的生长。使用聚乙二醇6000模拟水分胁迫的分析表明，23%的菌株表现出耐受性。鉴定出两株菌株为（PP218346）和（PP218347）。用这些菌株接种提高了阿萨伊种子发芽的速度和百分比。当联合接种时，85%的种子在严重胁迫下发芽，而对照处理中只有10%发芽。因此，这些细菌显示出作为生物肥料使用的潜力，可促进阿萨伊植物的初期发育，并有助于可持续农业实践。
