Fanti Stefania, Lazzarotto Denise, Reinstadler Petra, Quaglia Nadia, Maines Evelina, Lamberti Maria Agostina, Cauvin Vittoria, Pertile Riccardo, Soffiati Massimo, Franceschi Roberto
Department of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara Hospital of Trento, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari della Provincia Autonoma di Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy.
Ospedale di Bolzano, Azienda Sanitaria dell'Alto Adige, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
J Pers Med. 2024 Oct 11;14(10):1055. doi: 10.3390/jpm14101055.
To assess the incidence and the temporal trend of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during the period 2014-2023 in youths aged 0-14 years in the Trentino-Alto Adige region, Italy.
A retrospective review of all incident cases of T1D diagnosed at the two Pediatric Diabetes Centers of Bolzano and Trento was matched with diabetes exemptions (No. 344). Demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic status (SES) data at first hospitalization were collected from subjects who agreed to participate (No. 272).
The incidence of T1D was 21.5/100,000 person/years, with a peak of 31.1 in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mean age at the onset was 8.8 ± 3.9 years. Seventy-nine percent of the subjects were Italians, primarily residents in rural areas, and SES was equally represented. The mean incidence of DKA was 36.9%. The logistic regression analysis showed that the independent characteristics of the patients with DKA were of a younger age and displayed higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. No relation of DKA with seasonality, ethnicity, or first-degree relative (FDR) with T1D or SES was detected.
Our study revealed an incidence of T1D in the Trentino-Alto Adige region comparable to other areas in the North of Italy. The DKA rate negatively correlated with age; therefore, targeted prevention educational campaigns to increase awareness are needed.
评估2014年至2023年期间意大利特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰地区0至14岁青少年1型糖尿病（T1D）和糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）的发病率及时间趋势。
对在博尔扎诺和特伦托的两家儿科糖尿病中心确诊的所有T1D新发病例进行回顾性分析，并与糖尿病豁免情况（编号344）进行匹配。从同意参与的受试者（编号272）中收集首次住院时的人口统计学、临床和社会经济状况（SES）数据。
T1D的发病率为21.5/10万人口/年，在2021年新冠疫情期间达到峰值31.1。发病时的平均年龄为8.8±3.9岁。79%的受试者为意大利人，主要居住在农村地区，SES分布均衡。DKA的平均发病率为36.9%。逻辑回归分析显示，DKA患者的独立特征是年龄较小且糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）值较高。未发现DKA与季节性、种族、T1D的一级亲属（FDR）或SES之间存在关联。
我们的研究显示，特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰地区的T1D发病率与意大利北部其他地区相当。DKA发生率与年龄呈负相关；因此，需要开展有针对性的预防教育活动以提高认识。
