Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98124, Messina, ME, Italy.
S.O.C Pediatria, Ospedale Civile "Giovanni Paolo II", Lamezia Terme, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 May 4;48(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01264-z.
Although type 1 diabetes (T1D) represents one of the most common chronic diseases in pediatric age, few studies on the epidemiology of T1D exist globally and the exact prevalence and incidence rates of the disease are unknown. In many countries, including Italy, national registries are missing.
This study aims to assess T1D incidence in the pediatric population of the Calabria region (southern Italy) in the period 2019-2021. The secondary objective was to describe the main demographical, clinical and immunological features of incident cases. Case ascertainment and all clinical data were assessed by retrospectively reviewing the electronic medical records of children and adolescents diagnosed with diabetes at any Pediatric Diabetes Center belonging to the Rete Diabetologica Calabrese (Calabria Region Diabetes Network), from January 2019 to December 2021. The incidence of T1D was estimated for the entire region and was stratified according to age group (0-4 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14 years) and gender. Standardized incidence ratios for each province in the region were also calculated.
The crude incidence of T1D was 20.6/100,000 person/years. Incidence rates were higher among females and children aged 5-9 years. The crude incidence of T1D was higher in the province of Reggio Calabria (26.5/100,000 person-years). The provinces of Crotone, Catanzaro, and Vibo Valentia showed significantly lower standardized incidence ratios. The annual incidence in the region progressively increased by 43% during the study period.
Our study revealed a relatively high incidence in the Calabria region. The marked increasing incidence trend over the past two years could be related to the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but further long-scale population-based studies are needed to confirm these findings.
尽管 1 型糖尿病（T1D）是儿科最常见的慢性疾病之一，但全球关于 T1D 流行病学的研究很少，该病的确切患病率和发病率尚不清楚。在包括意大利在内的许多国家，都缺乏国家登记。
本研究旨在评估 2019-2021 年期间卡拉布里亚地区（意大利南部）儿科人群 T1D 的发病率。次要目标是描述新发病例的主要人口统计学、临床和免疫学特征。通过回顾性审查属于 Rete Diabetologica Calabrese（卡拉布里亚地区糖尿病网络）的任何儿科糖尿病中心在 2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间诊断为糖尿病的儿童和青少年的电子病历，评估了 T1D 的病例发现和所有临床数据。T1D 的发病率在整个地区进行了估计，并按年龄组（0-4 岁、5-9 岁和 10-14 岁）和性别进行了分层。还计算了该地区每个省的标准化发病率比。
T1D 的粗发病率为 20.6/100,000 人/年。女性和 5-9 岁儿童的发病率较高。雷焦卡拉布里亚省的 T1D 粗发病率较高（26.5/100,000 人年）。克罗斯托尼、卡坦扎罗和维博瓦伦蒂亚省的标准化发病率比明显较低。在研究期间，该地区的年发病率增加了 43%。
我们的研究显示卡拉布里亚地区的发病率相对较高。过去两年发病率呈明显上升趋势，可能与 COVID-19 大流行的全球影响有关，但需要进一步进行大规模的基于人群的研究来证实这些发现。
