Ryder Mark I, Fine Daniel H, Barron Annelise E
Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94143, USA.
Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Pathogens. 2024 Sep 27;13(10):837. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13100837.
The periodontal disease pathobiont () may exert a range of detrimental effects on periodontal diseases in general and, more specifically, with the initiation and progression of Localized Stage III Grade C periodontitis (molar-incisor pattern). In this review of the biogeography of this pathobiont, the full range of geographical scales for , from global origins and transmission to local geographical regions, to more locally exposed probands and families, to the individual host, down to the oral cavity, and finally, to spatial interactions with other commensals and pathobionts within the plaque biofilms at the micron/nanoscale, are reviewed. Using the newest technologies in genetics, imaging, in vitro cultures, and other research disciplines, investigators may be able to gain new insights to the role of this pathobiont in the unique initial destructive patterns of Localized Stage III Grade C periodontitis. These findings may incorporate the unique features of the microbiome that are influenced by variations in the geographic environment within the entire mouth. Additional insights into the geographic distribution of molar-incisor periodontal breakdown for Localized Stage III Grade C periodontitis may derive from the spatial interactions between and other pathobionts such as , , and commensals such as . In addition, while the association of in systemic diseases is limited at the present time, future studies into possible periodontal disease-systemic disease links may also find and its geographical interactions with other microbiome members to provide important clues as to implications of pathobiological communications.
牙周病机会致病菌（）通常可能对牙周疾病产生一系列有害影响，更具体地说，对局限性III期C级牙周炎（磨牙-切牙型）的发生和发展产生有害影响。在对这种机会致病菌生物地理学的综述中，将对的整个地理尺度范围进行综述，从全球起源和传播到局部地理区域，再到局部暴露的先证者和家庭，再到个体宿主，直至口腔，最后到微米/纳米尺度下菌斑生物膜内与其他共生菌和机会致病菌的空间相互作用。利用遗传学、成像、体外培养和其他研究领域的最新技术，研究人员或许能够对这种机会致病菌在局限性III期C级牙周炎独特的初始破坏模式中的作用获得新的见解。这些发现可能包含受整个口腔内地理环境变化影响的微生物组的独特特征。对局限性III期C级牙周炎磨牙-切牙牙周破坏的地理分布的更多见解可能来自与其他机会致病菌（如、、）以及共生菌（如）之间的空间相互作用。此外，虽然目前在全身性疾病中与的关联有限，但未来对可能的牙周病-全身性疾病联系的研究也可能发现及其与其他微生物组成员的地理相互作用，从而为病理生物学交流的影响提供重要线索。
