Pozorska Katarzyna, Baranowska-Bosiacka Irena, Raducha Dominika, Kupnicka Patrycja, Bosiacki Mateusz, Bosiacka Beata, Szmit-Domagalska Justyna, Ratajczak Joanna, Horodnicka-Józwa Anita, Walczak Mieczysław, Chlubek Dariusz, Petriczko Elżbieta
Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Disorders and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Metabolites. 2024 Oct 9;14(10):540. doi: 10.3390/metabo14100540.
Our paper draws attention to the impact of lead (Pb) on the specificity of obesity development in children exposed to environmental pollution. An advantage of this paper is the homogeneous study group comprising children of identical age from a single geographic region. Moreover, while the influence of environmental toxins on adults has been extensively explored, this study delves into pediatric populations, which have yet to receive comprehensive scrutiny within the scientific literature.
Initially, a group of 136 obese children (the research program lasted three consecutive years: 2016, 2017, and 2018) living in the north-western region of Poland, from whom biochemical tests and auxological data were obtained, were enrolled for analysis. Blood lead levels (BLLs) were determined in 115 children. The age of the children ranged from 7.1 to 10.4 years. The body mass index (BMI) of children averaged 21.5 ± 2.2.
The results showed that a large proportion of the participants had BLLs above the threshold for Pb. BLLs ≤ 5 µg/dL (considered safe for children and pregnant women) were found in over 70% of the participants, with BLLs in the range of 5.01-10.00 µg/dL in over 26% of the children, and concentrations > 10 µg/dL (considered toxic threshold for adults) in nearly 2% of the children. The results of our research revealed a positive association between BLLs and average systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the studied children. Moreover, we found a negative correlation between BLLs and absolute fat tissue content and triglyceride concentration. Among the included biochemical factors, only insulin demonstrated a statistically significant relationship with fat mass. This result suggests that early carbohydrate metabolism disorders in overweight children involve decreased peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity.
Lead exposure may significantly contribute to the development of hypertension, insulin resistance, and glucose metabolism disorders in overweight and obese children. It is essential to implement multidirectional actions to increase awareness of the harmful effects of xenobiotic exposure, including lead, in order to prevent early-life exposure.
我们的论文关注铅（Pb）对暴露于环境污染中的儿童肥胖发展特异性的影响。本文的一个优势在于研究组同质化，由来自单一地理区域的同龄儿童组成。此外，虽然环境毒素对成年人的影响已得到广泛研究，但本研究深入探讨了儿科人群，而这在科学文献中尚未得到全面审视。
最初，招募了一组居住在波兰西北部地区的136名肥胖儿童（研究项目持续了连续三年：2016年、2017年和2018年），从他们那里获取了生化测试和体格学数据以进行分析。对115名儿童测定了血铅水平（BLLs）。儿童年龄在7.1至10.4岁之间。儿童的体重指数（BMI）平均为21.5±2.2。
结果显示，很大一部分参与者的BLLs高于铅的阈值。超过70%的参与者血铅水平≤5μg/dL（对儿童和孕妇被认为是安全的），超过26%的儿童血铅水平在5.01 - 10.00μg/dL范围内，近2%的儿童血铅浓度>10μg/dL（对成年人被认为是毒性阈值）。我们的研究结果显示，所研究儿童的BLLs与平均收缩压和舒张压之间存在正相关。此外，我们发现BLLs与绝对脂肪组织含量和甘油三酯浓度之间存在负相关。在所纳入的生化因素中，只有胰岛素与脂肪量呈现出统计学上的显著关系。这一结果表明，超重儿童早期的碳水化合物代谢紊乱涉及外周组织胰岛素敏感性降低。
铅暴露可能显著促成超重和肥胖儿童高血压、胰岛素抵抗及葡萄糖代谢紊乱的发展。必须采取多方面行动以提高对包括铅在内的外源性物质暴露有害影响的认识，从而预防早期生活暴露。
