Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro Campus, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2024 Oct 3;16(10):428. doi: 10.3390/toxins16100428.
Toxicofera reptile venoms are composed of several toxins, including serine proteases. These proteases are glycosylated enzymes that affect the prey's hemostatic system. Their actions extend across the coagulation cascade, the kallikrein-kinin system, and platelet activation. Despite their specificity for different substrates, these enzymes are homologous across all toxicoferans and display high sequence similarity. The aim of this review is to compile decades of knowledge about venom serine proteases, showing the diversity of biochemically and biophysically characterized enzymes, their structural characteristics, advances in understanding their origin and evolution, as well as methods of obtaining enzymes and their biotechnological applications.
蛇形超目爬行动物毒液包含多种毒素，其中包括丝氨酸蛋白酶。这些蛋白酶是糖基化酶，可影响猎物的止血系统。它们的作用贯穿凝血级联、激肽释放酶-激肽系统和血小板激活。尽管这些酶对不同的底物具有特异性，但在所有的蛇形超目中它们是同源的，并且显示出高度的序列相似性。本综述的目的是汇集几十年来有关毒液丝氨酸蛋白酶的知识，展示具有不同生化和生物物理特性的酶的多样性、它们的结构特征、在理解其起源和进化方面的进展，以及获得酶的方法和它们的生物技术应用。
