Franco Mariani Borges, Gomes Lara Reis, Rostkwoska Cristina, Pajuaba Ana Cláudia Arantes Marquez, Mineo José Roberto, Lima Anna Monteiro Correia, Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil.
Laboratory of Contagious Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 4;9(10):229. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed9100229.
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by the pathogenic species through direct or indirect contact with infected animals. Due to protean clinical manifestation in the early stages, leptospirosis is often difficult to distinguish from other common acute febrile illnesses, such as dengue. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of leptospirosis in suspected dengue patients whose serological diagnosis was negative. A total of 449 serum samples from patients (negative IgM-ELISA dengue) with fever, headache, myalgia, and nausea were tested. The Dual-Path Platform (DPP) rapid test developed by the Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was used for screening IgM antibodies against in blood serum, and the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed on samples positive in the DPP for leptospirosis, as well as on an equal number of negative samples. Results: The data obtained from the samples analyzed with the DPP assay showed 26 positive results (5.79%), of which 38.46% were male and 61.54% female, with a mean age of 41 years. We tested 52 samples using the MAT, including 26 reactive for IgM and 26 non-reactive in the DPP assay. Nine samples (17.31%) were reactive, and among them, six also showed reactivity in the DPP assay. Of the six samples reactive in both tests, 66.67% were female, living in urban areas in the city of Uberlândia, with a mean age of 50 years, being 50% white, 33.33% brown, and 16.67% black. The findings demonstrated that leptospirosis cases are underdiagnosed and undertreated in the study population and more attention needs to be paid for ruling out leptospirosis and other pathogens causing acute febrile illness in dengue-endemic areas.
钩端螺旋体病是一种由致病菌种引起的传染病，通过直接或间接接触受感染动物传播。由于早期临床表现多样，钩端螺旋体病常常难以与其他常见的急性发热性疾病区分开来，如登革热。因此，本研究旨在调查血清学诊断为阴性的疑似登革热患者中钩端螺旋体病的患病率。共检测了449例有发热、头痛、肌痛和恶心症状患者（登革热IgM-ELISA检测阴性）的血清样本。使用巴西里约热内卢市生物医学免疫生物学技术研究所开发的双路径平台（DPP）快速检测法筛查血清中抗钩端螺旋体IgM抗体，并对DPP检测呈阳性的样本以及数量相等的阴性样本进行显微镜凝集试验（MAT）。结果：DPP检测分析样本得到的数据显示26例阳性结果（5.79%），其中男性占38.46%，女性占61.54%，平均年龄为41岁。我们用MAT检测了52个样本，其中26个在DPP检测中IgM呈反应性，26个呈非反应性。9个样本（17.31%）呈反应性，其中6个在DPP检测中也呈反应性。在两项检测中均呈反应性的6个样本中，66.67%为女性，居住在乌贝兰迪亚市市区，平均年龄为50岁，50%为白人，33.33%为棕色人种，16.67%为黑人。研究结果表明，在研究人群中钩端螺旋体病病例存在诊断不足和治疗不足的情况，在登革热流行地区需要更加关注排除钩端螺旋体病和其他引起急性发热性疾病的病原体。
