真菌 L-蛋氨酸生物合成途径的酶及其在各个科学和商业领域的应用。

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.

Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 17;14(10):1315. doi: 10.3390/biom14101315.

L-methionine (L-Met) is one of the nine proteinogenic amino acids essential for humans since, in human cells, there are no complete pathways for its biosynthesis from simple precursors. L-Met plays a crucial role in cellular function as it is required for proper protein synthesis, acting as an initiator. Additionally, this amino acid participates in various metabolic processes and serves as a precursor for the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), which is involved in the methylation of DNA molecules and phospholipids, as well as in maintaining genome stability. Due to its importance, fungal L-methionine biosynthesis pathway enzymes are being intensively studied. This review presents the current state of the art in terms of their cellular function, usefulness as molecular markers, antifungal targets, or industrial approaches.

L-蛋氨酸（L-Met）是人体必需的九种蛋白质氨基酸之一，因为在人体细胞中，没有从简单前体合成 L-Met 的完整途径。L-Met 在细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用，因为它是正确蛋白质合成所必需的，作为起始物。此外，这种氨基酸参与各种代谢过程，并作为 S-腺苷甲硫氨酸（AdoMet）合成的前体，AdoMet 参与 DNA 分子和磷脂的甲基化，以及维持基因组稳定性。由于其重要性，真菌 L-蛋氨酸生物合成途径的酶正在被深入研究。这篇综述介绍了它们在细胞功能、作为分子标记、抗真菌靶点或工业方法的有用性方面的最新进展。