Subhash Sanat, Vijayvargiya Sonya, Parmar Aetan, Sandhu Jazlyn, Simmons Jabrina, Raina Rupesh
Department of Internal Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;13(10):1186. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101186.
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a rare but significant renal condition with major implications for global acute and chronic patient care. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can significantly alter its pathophysiology, clinical outcomes, and treatment, contributing to negative outcomes, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure. Inflammation from ROS and existing cysts propagate the generation and accumulation of ROS, exacerbating kidney injury, pro-fibrotic signaling cascades, and interstitial fibrosis. Early identification and prevention of oxidative stress and ROS can contribute to reduced cystic kidney disease progression and improved longitudinal patient outcomes. Increased research regarding biomarkers, the pathophysiology of oxidative stress, and novel therapeutic interventions alongside the creation of comprehensive guidelines establishing methods of assessment, monitoring, and intervention for oxidative stress in cystic kidney disease patients is imperative to standardize clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), genetic editing, and genome sequencing could further improve the early detection and management of cystic kidney disease and mitigate adverse patient outcomes. In this review, we aim to comprehensively assess the multifactorial role of ROS in cystic kidney disease, analyzing its pathophysiology, clinical outcomes, treatment interventions, clinical trials, animal models, and future directions for patient care.
多囊肾病（PKD）是一种罕见但严重的肾脏疾病，对全球急性和慢性患者护理具有重大影响。氧化应激和活性氧（ROS）可显著改变其病理生理学、临床结局和治疗，导致包括高血压、慢性肾脏病和肾衰竭在内的不良后果。ROS引发的炎症和现有囊肿会促使ROS的产生和积累，加剧肾损伤、促纤维化信号级联反应和间质纤维化。早期识别和预防氧化应激及ROS有助于减缓囊性肾病的进展并改善患者的长期预后。加强关于生物标志物、氧化应激病理生理学及新型治疗干预措施的研究，并制定全面的指南，确立评估、监测和干预囊性肾病患者氧化应激的方法，对于规范临床实践和改善患者预后至关重要。人工智能（AI）、基因编辑和基因组测序的整合可进一步改善囊性肾病的早期检测和管理，并减轻患者的不良结局。在本综述中，我们旨在全面评估ROS在囊性肾病中的多因素作用，分析其病理生理学、临床结局、治疗干预、临床试验、动物模型以及患者护理的未来方向。
