East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 11;25(20):10924. doi: 10.3390/ijms252010924.
The large yellow croaker () is an important economic fish in China. However, intensive farming practices, such as high stocking densities, suboptimal water quality, and imbalanced nutrition, have led to a decline in muscle quality. Muscle elasticity is a key texture property influencing muscle quality. Herein, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed on four groups: male high muscle elasticity (MEHM), female high muscle elasticity (MEHF), male low muscle elasticity (MELM), and female low muscle elasticity (MELF), to explore the molecular regulation underlying muscle elasticity in the large yellow croaker. Transcriptomics identified 2594 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across the four groups, while metabolomics revealed 969 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs). Association analysis indicated that the valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched between the MELF and MEHF groups; 2-Oxoisovalerate and L-Valine were DEMs; and the gene encoding L-threonine ammonia-lyase was a DEG. In the MELM and MEHM groups, pathways such as arginine biosynthesis; arginine and proline metabolism; and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation were significantly enriched. 4-guanidinobutanoate, L-aspartate, N-acetylornithine, and L-leucine were among the DEMs, while the DEGs included , , , , and . These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling muscle elasticity, representing a theoretical foundation to breed high-quality large yellow croakers.
大黄鱼（）是中国重要的经济鱼类。然而，集约化养殖实践，如高密度放养、水质不佳和营养失衡，导致肌肉品质下降。肌肉弹性是影响肌肉品质的关键质地特性。在此，对四个组（雄性高肌肉弹性（MEHM）、雌性高肌肉弹性（MEHF）、雄性低肌肉弹性（MELM）和雌性低肌肉弹性（MELF））进行了转录组和代谢组学分析，以探讨大黄鱼肌肉弹性的分子调控机制。转录组学鉴定了四个组之间的 2594 个差异表达基因（DEGs），而代谢组学则揭示了 969 个差异表达代谢物（DEMs）。关联分析表明，MELF 和 MEHF 组之间的缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成途径显著富集；2-氧代异戊酸和 L-缬氨酸是 DEMs；编码 L-苏氨酸氨裂解酶的基因是 DEG。在 MELM 和 MEHM 组中，精氨酸生物合成；精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢；和缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解等途径显著富集。4-胍基丁酸、L-天冬氨酸、N-乙酰鸟氨酸和 L-亮氨酸是 DEMs 中的一部分，而 DEGs 包括 、 、 、 、 。这些发现为控制肌肉弹性的分子机制提供了深入了解，为培育高质量的大黄鱼提供了理论基础。
