Ursu Maria, Cretu-Stuparu Mariana, Gurau Gabriela, Nitoi Luciana-Carmen, Nechita Aurel, Arbune Manuela
School for Doctoral Studies in Biomedical Sciences, "Dunarea de Jos" University, 800008 Galati, Romania.
"St. Ioan" Clinic Emergency Children Hospital, 800487 Galati, Romania.
Children (Basel). 2024 Sep 25;11(10):1162. doi: 10.3390/children11101162.
The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the biological profile of children from the southeast of Romania who have been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and to investigate the potential relationships between vitamin D deficiency and the onset of this disease, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
This is a retrospective study that included 79 children under the age of 18 who were diagnosed with T1DM at the St. Ioan Galati Children's Emergency Clinical Hospital between 2018 and 2023. Their demographic data (age, sex, and home environment), medical history (family medical history, birth weight, Apgar score, and type of nutrition), and biological parameters, including glycemia, HbA1C, and vitamin D level, were collected. We used advanced statistical methods to compare the levels of vitamin D in the children with T1DM with a control group of nondiabetic children.
The demographic characteristics of new T1DM are a median age of 9 and female/male sex ratio of 1:3, with 50.6% living in urban areas, 59.5% with a normal body mass index, and 74.6% presenting with ketoacidosis. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 52% of diabetic cases compared to 2.53% in the nondiabetic controls.
There is an increasing incidence of pediatric T1DM. Diabetic ketoacidosis was frequently diagnosed as an initial manifestation and has frequently accompanied lower levels of vitamin D. Children with T1DM showed significant vitamin D deficiencies compared to the control group, highlighting the need for the monitoring and supplementation of this vitamin.
本研究旨在分析罗马尼亚东南部新诊断为1型糖尿病（T1DM）儿童的流行病学特征和生物学特征，并调查维生素D缺乏与该疾病发病之间的潜在关系，尤其是在新冠疫情背景下。
这是一项回顾性研究，纳入了2018年至2023年间在圣约安加拉蒂儿童急诊临床医院被诊断为T1DM的79名18岁以下儿童。收集了他们的人口统计学数据（年龄、性别和家庭环境）、病史（家族病史、出生体重、阿氏评分和营养类型）以及生物学参数，包括血糖、糖化血红蛋白和维生素D水平。我们使用先进的统计方法比较了T1DM儿童与非糖尿病儿童对照组的维生素D水平。
新诊断的T1DM患者的人口统计学特征为中位年龄9岁，男女比例为1:3，50.6%生活在城市地区，59.5%体重指数正常，74.6%伴有酮症酸中毒。52%的糖尿病病例存在维生素D缺乏，而非糖尿病对照组这一比例为2.53%。
儿童T1DM的发病率呈上升趋势。糖尿病酮症酸中毒常被诊断为初始表现，且常伴有较低的维生素D水平。与对照组相比，T1DM儿童存在明显的维生素D缺乏，这凸显了监测和补充这种维生素的必要性。
