Lebiocka Magdalena, Montusiewicz Agnieszka, Grządka Elżbieta, Pasieczna-Patkowska Sylwia, Montusiewicz Jerzy, Szaja Aleksandra
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland.
Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2024 Oct 10;29(20):4791. doi: 10.3390/molecules29204791.
The present work aimed to evaluate whether the use of an innovative method such as hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is suitable for the simultaneous removal of surfactants of different chemical natures (non-ionic, anionic and cationic) from actual car wash wastewater at different numbers of passes through the cavitation zone and different inlet pressures. An additional novelty was the use of multi-criteria decision support, which enabled the selection of optimal HC conditions that maximized the removal of each group of surfactants and chemical oxygen demand (COD) with minimal energy input. For the optimal HC variants, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR/ATR) as well as investigations of surface tension, zeta potential, specific conductivity, system viscosity and particle size were carried out. The highest reduction of non-ionic surfactants was found at 5 bar inlet pressure and reached 35.5% after 120 min. The most favourable inlet pressure for the removal of anionic surfactants was 3 bar and the removal efficiency was 77.2% after 120 min, whereas the most favourable inlet pressure for cationic surfactant removal was 3 bar, with the highest removal of 20% after 120 min. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that HC may constitute an effective, fast and cost-efficient method for removing surfactants from real industrial wastewater.
本研究旨在评估采用诸如水力空化（HC）这种创新方法，在不同的通过空化区次数和不同进口压力下，是否适合从实际洗车废水中同时去除不同化学性质（非离子型、阴离子型和阳离子型）的表面活性剂。另一个新颖之处是使用了多标准决策支持，这能够选择最佳的HC条件，以在最小能量输入的情况下，最大限度地去除每组表面活性剂和化学需氧量（COD）。对于最佳的HC变体，进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR/ATR）以及表面张力、zeta电位、电导率、系统粘度和粒径的研究。在进口压力为5巴时，非离子表面活性剂的去除率最高，120分钟后达到35.5%。去除阴离子表面活性剂最有利的进口压力为3巴，120分钟后的去除效率为77.2%，而去除阳离子表面活性剂最有利的进口压力为3巴，120分钟后最高去除率为20%。所得结果清楚地表明，HC可能是一种从实际工业废水中去除表面活性剂的有效、快速且经济高效的方法。
