Li Yan, Li Jingrong, Ren Bo, Cheng Haiyang
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Straw-Based Functional Materials, Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, China.
Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Oct 19;17(20):5110. doi: 10.3390/ma17205110.
Lignin has long been regarded as waste, readily separated and discarded from the pulp and paper industry. However, as the most abundant aromatic renewable biopolymer in nature, lignin can replace petroleum resources to prepare chemicals containing benzene rings. Therefore, the high-value transformation of lignin has attracted the interest of both academia and industry. Nitrogen-containing compounds and functionalized materials are a class of compounds that have wide applications in chemistry, materials science, energy storage, and other fields. Converting lignin into nitrogenous chemicals and materials is a high-value utilization pathway. Currently, there is a large amount of literature exploring the conversion of lignin. However, a comprehensive review of the transformation of lignin to nitrogenous compounds is lacking. The research progress of lignin conversion to nitrogenous chemicals and functional materials is reviewed in this article. This article provides an overview of the chemical structure and types of industrial lignin, methods of lignin modification, as well as nitrogen-containing chemicals and functional materials prepared from various types of lignin, including their applications in wastewater treatment, slow-release fertilizer, adhesive, coating, and biomedical fields. In addition, the challenges and limitations of nitrogenous lignin-based materials encountered during the development of applications are also discussed. It is believed that this review will act as a key reference and inspiration for researchers in the biomass and material field.
长期以来，木质素一直被视为废弃物，在制浆造纸工业中很容易被分离和丢弃。然而，作为自然界中最丰富的芳香族可再生生物聚合物，木质素可以替代石油资源来制备含苯环的化学品。因此，木质素的高值化转化引起了学术界和工业界的关注。含氮化合物和功能化材料是一类在化学、材料科学、储能等领域有广泛应用的化合物。将木质素转化为含氮化学品和材料是一条高值化利用途径。目前，有大量文献探讨木质素的转化。然而，缺乏对木质素向含氮化合物转化的全面综述。本文综述了木质素转化为含氮化学品和功能材料的研究进展。本文概述了工业木质素的化学结构和类型、木质素改性方法，以及由各类木质素制备的含氮化学品和功能材料，包括它们在废水处理、缓释肥料、胶粘剂、涂料和生物医学领域的应用。此外，还讨论了含氮木质素基材料在应用开发过程中遇到的挑战和局限性。相信这篇综述将为生物质和材料领域的研究人员提供关键参考和启发。
