Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, Mexico.
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico.
Viruses. 2024 Sep 24;16(10):1510. doi: 10.3390/v16101510.
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), being a mechanically transmitted disease, is usually difficult to control; therefore, an effective alternative to reduce transmission and replication in the crop is by spraying with chlorine dioxide (ClO) during routine crop management. In this research, the efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO) for ToBRFV management in a greenhouse and open field was determined. The phytotoxicity of ClO and its effective concentration against ToBRFV in plants were evaluated. Subsequently, the effect of ClO on ToBRFV was evaluated in tomato plants grown in an open field. Finally, the effectiveness of ClO on plants inoculated with ToBRFV under greenhouse conditions was evaluated and the number of necrotic local lesions (NLLs) was quantified. The results revealed that ClO at 760 mg L did not show phytotoxicity and reduced the number of NLLs in plants. It also decreased ToBRFV transmission and replication in field- and greenhouse-grown tomato plants, improving agronomic parameters. ClO reduced replication in plants inoculated with different amounts of ToBRFV inoculum in a greenhouse. leaves expressed lower numbers of NLLs when inoculated with ClO-treated tomato plant extracts. Finally, the results demonstrate that ClO represents an effective management alternative when used by direct application to plants. To our knowledge, this is the first study where the use of an antiviral compound is carried out under field and greenhouse conditions.
番茄褐色皱果病毒（ToBRFV）是一种机械传播的疾病，通常很难控制；因此，在常规作物管理期间通过喷洒二氧化氯（ClO）来减少作物中的传播和复制是一种有效的替代方法。在这项研究中，确定了在温室和露地中使用二氧化氯（ClO）来管理 ToBRFV 的效果。评估了 ClO 的植物毒性及其对植物中 ToBRFV 的有效浓度。随后，评估了 ClO 对在露地中生长的番茄植物中 ToBRFV 的影响。最后，评估了 ClO 对温室条件下接种 ToBRFV 的植物的有效性，并量化了坏死局部病变（NLL）的数量。结果表明，760mg/L 的 ClO 没有表现出植物毒性，并减少了植物中的 NLL 数量。它还降低了田间和温室种植的番茄植物中 ToBRFV 的传播和复制，改善了农业参数。ClO 减少了温室中接种不同量 ToBRFV 接种物的植物中的复制。用 ClO 处理过的番茄植物提取物接种时，叶片表达的 NLL 数量较少。最后，结果表明，ClO 是一种有效的管理替代方法，当直接应用于植物时。据我们所知，这是首次在田间和温室条件下使用抗病毒化合物进行的研究。
