Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 8 I-00168 Roma, Italy.
Hematology Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8 I-00168 Rome, Italy.
Viruses. 2024 Sep 26;16(10):1520. doi: 10.3390/v16101520.
Patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) are at high risk of respiratory viral infections due to the intrinsic deterioration of the immune system and chemotherapy treatments. In the recent past, SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infection has been responsible for most infectious complications in HMs. We analyzed 2950 samples from 505 patients admitted to the Hematology department from 2019 to 2023. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological trend of respiratory viruses in the SARS-CoV-2 era, the characteristics of the patients involved and their outcomes. In our analysis, we found a reduction in non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral (NSRV) positivity during the pandemic period, although these data did not show statistical significance. Most of the HMs involved were Multiple Myeloma and Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Overall mortality rate was very low and characterized by the progression of the HMs as well as the worsening of respiratory failure. In conclusion, a reduction in non-COVID viral infections was highlighted, probably also thanks to the increase in prevention measures and environmental modifications of the viral background.
由于免疫系统的固有恶化和化疗治疗，血液恶性肿瘤（HMs）患者存在呼吸道病毒感染的高风险。在最近的过去，SARS-CoV-2 呼吸道病毒感染是 HMs 中大多数传染性并发症的罪魁祸首。我们分析了 2019 年至 2023 年间 505 名入住血液科的患者的 2950 个样本。本研究的目的是确定 SARS-CoV-2 时代呼吸道病毒的流行病学趋势、涉及患者的特征及其结果。在我们的分析中，我们发现大流行期间非 SARS-CoV-2 呼吸道病毒（NSRV）阳性率降低，尽管这些数据没有显示出统计学意义。所涉及的大多数 HMs 为多发性骨髓瘤和急性髓系白血病。总体死亡率非常低，其特征是 HMs 的进展以及呼吸衰竭的恶化。总之，非 COVID 病毒感染的减少得到了强调，这可能也要归功于预防措施的增加和病毒背景的环境改变。
