Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, Vineland Research Station, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada.
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
Viruses. 2024 Oct 15;16(10):1614. doi: 10.3390/v16101614.
Commercially cultivated species are commonly grown in adjacent or mixed orchards and can be infected with unique or commonly shared viruses. Apple (), another member of the and distantly related to , can share the same growing regions and common pathogens. Pollen can be a major route for virus transmission, and analysis of the pollen virome in tree fruit orchards can provide insights into these virus pathogen complexes from mixed production sites. Commercial honey bee () pollination is essential for improved fruit sets and yields in tree fruit production systems. To better understand the pollen-associated virome in tree fruits, metagenomics-based detection of plant viruses was employed on bee and pollen samples collected at four time points during the peak bloom period of apricot, cherry, peach, and apple trees at one orchard site. Twenty-one unique viruses were detected in samples collected during tree fruit blooms, including prune dwarf virus (PDV) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) (Genus , family ), family members tomato ringspot virus (genus ), tobacco ringspot virus (genus ), prunus virus F (genus ), and family member cherry virus A (CVA; genus ). Viruses were also identified in composite leaf and flower samples to compare the pollen virome with the virome associated with vegetative tissues. At all four time points, a greater diversity of viruses was detected in the bee and pollen samples. Finally, the nucleotide sequence diversity of the coat protein regions of CVA, PDV, and PNRSV was profiled from this site, demonstrating a wide range of sequence diversity in pollen samples from this site. These results demonstrate the benefits of area-wide monitoring through bee pollination activities and provide new insights into the diversity of viruses in tree fruit pollination ecosystems.
商业种植的 品种通常在相邻或混合的果园中种植，可能感染独特或共同的病毒。苹果（）是 的另一个成员，与 关系较远，可能共享相同的生长区域和共同的病原体。花粉可能是病毒传播的主要途径，对核果果园花粉病毒组的分析可以从混合生产地点提供这些病毒病原体复合物的见解。商业蜜蜂（）授粉对提高核果生产系统的结实率和产量至关重要。为了更好地了解核果中的花粉相关病毒组，在一个果园的四个时间点，对授粉期间采集的蜜蜂和花粉样本进行了基于宏基因组学的植物病毒检测。在杏、樱桃、桃和苹果树的盛花期采集的样本中检测到 21 种独特的病毒，包括李矮缩病毒（PDV）和李坏死环斑病毒（PNRSV）（属，科）、番茄环斑病毒（属）、烟草环斑病毒（属）、李属病毒 F（属）和樱桃病毒 A（CVA；属）的 科成员。在复合叶片和花朵样本中也鉴定出了病毒，以比较花粉病毒组与与营养组织相关的病毒组。在所有四个时间点，蜜蜂和花粉样本中检测到的病毒多样性更大。最后，对来自该地点的 CVA、PDV 和 PNRSV 的外壳蛋白区域的核苷酸序列多样性进行了分析，证明了该地点花粉样本中存在广泛的序列多样性。这些结果证明了通过蜜蜂授粉活动进行区域范围监测的好处，并为核果授粉生态系统中病毒的多样性提供了新的见解。
