Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China.
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China.
Phytochemistry. 2025 Jan;229:114310. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114310. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
The four matrine-derived alkaloids, namely sophflarines B-E (1-4), with distinct skeleton types, were isolated from Sophora flavescens. Compounds 1 and 2 possess rare 1-aza-11-oxatricyclo[5.3.1.0] undecane cores, featuring unprecedented N,O-heterocyclic systems of 5/5/6/6/6 and 6/5/5/6/6, respectively. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibit two novel C units with tetracyclic skeletons of 5/6/6/6 and 6/5/6/6, respectively. The structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray diffraction data. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for these newly discovered compounds was proposed. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 showed anti-neuroinflammatory activity against the cytokines NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Compound 2 exhibited a neuroprotective effect potentially mediated by activating the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.
从苦参中分离得到的四种苦参碱衍生生物碱，即 sophflarines B-E（1-4），具有不同的骨架类型。化合物 1 和 2 具有罕见的 1-氮杂-11-氧代三环[5.3.1.0]十一烷核，分别具有前所未有的 5/5/6/6/6 和 6/5/5/6/6 的 N,O-杂环系统。化合物 3 和 4 分别表现出两个具有四环骨架的新型 C 单元，分别为 5/6/6/6 和 6/5/6/6。结构通过光谱分析、量子化学计算和 X 射线衍射数据阐明。提出了这些新发现化合物的可能生物合成途径。此外，化合物 1 和 2 对细胞因子 NO、TNF-α 和 IL-6 显示出抗神经炎症活性。化合物 2 表现出神经保护作用，可能通过激活 Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 途径来减轻炎症和氧化应激。
