Bener Abdulbari, Öztürk Ahmet Emin, Dasdelen Muhammed Furkan, Barisik Cem Cahit, Dasdelen Zehra Betul, Agan Ahmet F, De La Rosette Jean, Day Andrew S
Department of Biostatistics and Public Health, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Oncol Rev. 2024 Oct 11;18:1449709. doi: 10.3389/or.2024.1449709. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to investigate the causes and risk factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Turkish population, focusing on various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.
A hospital-based case-control design was employed to compare individuals with CRC (cases) to individuals without CRC (controls). Male and female participants were recruited from the surgery, internal medicine, and out-patient departments. The study encompassed socio-demographic data, clinical information, radiological diagnoses, and biochemical measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine associated risk factors of CRC.
The study included 704 individuals with CRC and 704 controls. Significant socio-demographic disparities were observed between the groups, with over 30% of the cases having lower levels of education and income compared to the controls. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, higher rates of smoking (cigarettes and hookah) and alcohol consumption were more prevalent among cases than controls. Further significant associations were identified with intestinal inflammation, obesity, processed food consumption, and symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, constipation, blood in stool, bloating, irritable bowel syndrome, nausea/vomiting, anemia, stress, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. Diet analysis revealed that individuals with CRC consumed more red meat, processed and fast foods along with less pulses and vegetables. Genetic predispositions and exposure to chemicals also correlated strongly with increased CRC risk. Multivariable regression analysis identified, nausea/vomiting, constipation, intestinal disease, genetics factor, hookah-nargileh use, history of any cancer, family history of bowel cancer, constipation, cigarette smoking, stress, milk-yogurt consumption, obesity and red meat consumption as significant determinants for CRC.
CRC risk is influenced by dietary, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Awareness of hereditary risk and participation in screening are crucial. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding smoking, hookah, and alcohol use, and adopting a healthy diet, are essential for prevention.
本研究旨在调查土耳其人群中结直肠癌（CRC）的病因和危险因素，重点关注各种可改变和不可改变的危险因素。
采用基于医院的病例对照设计，将结直肠癌患者（病例组）与无结直肠癌患者（对照组）进行比较。男性和女性参与者从外科、内科和门诊科室招募。该研究涵盖社会人口统计学数据、临床信息、放射学诊断和生化测量。单变量和多变量逻辑回归用于确定结直肠癌的相关危险因素。
该研究纳入了704例结直肠癌患者和704例对照。两组之间观察到显著的社会人口统计学差异，超过30%的病例的教育和收入水平低于对照组。肥胖、较高的吸烟率（香烟和水烟）和饮酒等生活方式因素在病例组中比对照组中更为普遍。还发现与肠道炎症、肥胖、加工食品消费以及腹痛、痉挛、腹泻、便秘、便血、腹胀、肠易激综合征、恶心/呕吐、贫血、压力、疲劳、虚弱和体重减轻等症状存在进一步的显著关联。饮食分析显示，结直肠癌患者食用更多的红肉、加工食品和快餐，同时食用较少的豆类和蔬菜。遗传易感性和接触化学物质也与结直肠癌风险增加密切相关。多变量回归分析确定，恶心/呕吐、便秘、肠道疾病、遗传因素、水烟/纳吉勒使用、任何癌症病史、肠癌家族史、便秘、吸烟、压力、牛奶/酸奶消费、肥胖和红肉消费是结直肠癌的重要决定因素。
结直肠癌风险受饮食、生活方式和遗传因素影响。认识遗传风险并参与筛查至关重要。改变生活方式，如避免吸烟、水烟和饮酒，并采用健康饮食，对预防至关重要。
