Vernier Luíza Silva, Fernandes Carolina Pereira, Skorin Pedro Pablo, Ávila Audrei Thayse Viegel de, Levandowski Daniela Centenaro
Department of Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Department of Speech Therapy, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Apr 9;28(4):e668-e696. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1776703. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has been widely and strongly advocated as an early detection strategy for hearing loss in children. This intervention aims to prevent delays in speech and language development, which, in turn, has long-term beneficial effects on the social and emotional development and quality of life of individuals. However, the implementation of UNHS programs is circumstantial in different settings, for different reasons. The present systematic review aimed to identify whether the implementation of UNHS programs are cost-effective, as well as their variations by localities. A search was conducted in seven databases: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs, and Cochrane Library. Studies that included a cost analysis of UNHS programs were eligible for inclusion. Studies on evaluations of preschool or school-based programs only were excluded, among others. A total of 1,291 records were found. Of these, 23 articles were analyzed in full. All articles identified the cost-effectiveness of the UNHS programs implemented. Regarding the UNHS protocols, a wide variation was observed in all aspects: tests used, period established between tests and retests, professionals responsible for screening, environment, and criteria for defining hearing loss, limiting the generalization of this information. All studies presented values related to the expenses with the program, but none of them showed statistical elements for the described analyzes or any theoretical basis for such. It is necessary to estimate local specific issues, as well as the accuracy of the chosen tests and the NHS protocols used, so that more accurate analyzes on cost-effectiveness are possible.
新生儿听力普遍筛查（UNHS）作为一种儿童听力损失的早期检测策略，已得到广泛且强烈的倡导。这一干预措施旨在防止言语和语言发育迟缓，而这反过来又对个体的社会和情感发展以及生活质量具有长期有益影响。然而，由于不同原因，UNHS项目在不同环境中的实施情况各不相同。本系统综述旨在确定UNHS项目的实施是否具有成本效益，以及不同地区之间的差异。在七个数据库中进行了检索：PubMed（Medline）、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、Lilacs和Cochrane图书馆。纳入的研究需包含对UNHS项目的成本分析。仅针对学前或学校项目评估的研究等被排除在外。共检索到1291条记录。其中，对23篇文章进行了全文分析。所有文章均确定了所实施的UNHS项目的成本效益。关于UNHS方案，在各个方面都观察到了很大差异：所使用的测试、测试与复测之间设定的时间间隔、负责筛查的专业人员、环境以及定义听力损失的标准，这限制了这些信息的推广。所有研究都给出了与项目费用相关的值，但没有一项研究显示出所描述分析的统计要素或任何理论依据。有必要评估当地的具体问题，以及所选测试和所使用的NHS方案的准确性，以便能够进行更准确的成本效益分析。
