Alanazy Ahmed, Alruwaili Abdullah, Al-Hassan Hassan H, Almulhim Abdullah, Altaher Nawaf A, Alhomoud Abdulraouf S, Alduhaish Mohammed, Alanazi Sultan N, Alanazi Turki M
Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Sep;13(9):3658-3664. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1952_23. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
First-aid knowledge among the general public is critical for saving lives in medical emergencies before expert care arrives. However, studies show persistent gaps in layperson first-aid capacity worldwide. This study assessed first-aid knowledge and awareness among adults in Al-Ahsa City, Saudi Arabia, to identify strengths and weaknesses to guide tailored interventions.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 716 adults recruited through convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire collected sociodemographics and assessed knowledge across 12 first-aid scenarios involving bleeding control, burns, seizures, choking, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Just 59.2% correctly identified direct pressure to stop bleeding, and 61.2% knew proper burn first aid. Only 52% recognized the pediatric CPR compression-to-ventilation ratio (15:2), and 36.2% identified the chest compression rate of 100/min. For choking, 73.9% endorsed abdominal thrusts for children, but only 60.9% knew backslaps for infants. Females scored higher on bleeding (94.5% vs 92.8% correct) and abdominal thrusts (83.6% vs 66.1%), while males were more knowledgeable on burns (70.4% vs 53.8%) and infant choking (81.1% vs 44.7%). Younger and more educated respondents had higher scores.
Major gaps exist in implementing proper first-aid techniques, especially differentiation by age. Deficits in direct bleeding control, high-quality CPR, and tailored pediatric care represent high-risk knowledge weaknesses in this population. Targeted education programs focused on skill-building in these areas, particularly for higher-risk demographics like the elderly and less educated, are critically needed to strengthen public preparedness and save lives. Findings provide key insights to inform evidence-based interventions.
在专业医疗救助到来之前，公众的急救知识对于在医疗紧急情况下挽救生命至关重要。然而，研究表明，全球非专业人员的急救能力一直存在差距。本研究评估了沙特阿拉伯艾哈萨市成年人的急救知识和意识，以确定优势和劣势，为量身定制的干预措施提供指导。
通过便利抽样招募了716名成年人进行横断面调查。一份结构化问卷收集了社会人口统计学信息，并评估了在12种急救场景中的知识，包括出血控制、烧伤、癫痫发作、窒息和心肺复苏（CPR）。
只有59.2%的人正确识别了直接压迫止血法，61.2%的人知道正确的烧伤急救方法。只有52%的人认识到小儿心肺复苏的按压与通气比例（15:2），36.2%的人确定胸部按压频率为每分钟100次。对于窒息，73.9%的人认可对儿童进行腹部冲击法，但只有60.9%的人知道对婴儿进行拍背法。女性在出血（94.5%正确，男性为92.8%）和腹部冲击法（83.6%正确，男性为66.1%）方面得分较高，而男性在烧伤（70.4%正确，女性为53.8%）和婴儿窒息（81.1%正确，女性为44.7%）方面知识更丰富。年龄较小和受教育程度较高的受访者得分更高。
在实施正确的急救技术方面存在重大差距，尤其是在年龄差异方面。直接出血控制、高质量心肺复苏和针对性的儿科护理方面的不足是该人群中高风险的知识弱点。迫切需要开展有针对性的教育项目，重点是在这些领域进行技能培养，并将重点放在老年人和受教育程度较低等高危人群上，以加强公众的应急准备并挽救生命。研究结果为基于证据的干预措施提供了关键见解。
