Defense Health Agency, U.S. Department of Defense.
MSMR. 2024 Oct 20;31(10):2-10.
Summaries of HIV seropositivity for members of the U.S. military have been published with MSMR since 1995. The current report summarizes numbers and trends of newly identified HIV-antibody seropositivity from January 1, 2019 through June 30, 2024 among military members of 5 services under the active and reserve components of the U.S. Armed Forces, in addition to the Army and Air Force National Guard. From January 2023 through June 2024, approximately 1.8 million service members (active component, Guard, and reserve) were tested for antibodies to HIV, and 403 (0.22 per 1,000 tested) were identified as HIV-antibody positive. Of the 403 new HIV infections that were identified during this period, only 10 (2.5%) were among female service members. The HIV-antibody seropositivity rates first reported in MSMR 3 decades ago remain comparable to rates presented in 2023, under scoring a continued value of HIV testing programs. The cost-effectiveness of HIV testing strategies, differentiated by universal or indications-based testing following military accession, may be instructive to further understand the value of current screening efforts in different clinical settings.
自 1995 年以来，《军事医学科学院通报》（MSMR）一直发布有关美国军人中 HIV 血清阳性率的摘要。本报告总结了 2019 年 1 月 1 日至 2024 年 6 月 30 日期间，美国武装部队现役和后备役中 5 个军种（陆军和空军国民警卫队除外）军人中新发现的 HIV 抗体血清阳性人数和趋势。从 2023 年 1 月到 2024 年 6 月，约有 180 万（现役、国民警卫队和后备役）军人接受了 HIV 抗体检测，其中 403 人（每千名检测者中有 0.22 人）被确认为 HIV 抗体阳性。在此期间发现的 403 例新 HIV 感染中，只有 10 例（2.5%）发生在女性军人中。30 年前 MSMR 首次报告的 HIV 抗体血清阳性率与 2023 年报告的率相似，突出了 HIV 检测计划的持续价值。根据入伍后的普遍或基于指征的检测对 HIV 检测策略进行区分的成本效益，可能有助于进一步了解当前在不同临床环境中筛查工作的价值。
