Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Lima, 12175, Perú.
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento Académico de Nutrición, Facultad de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, 12175, Perú.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 Oct 29;56(8):365. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04192-8.
This study assessed the prevalence and risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasite infection in goats in Ayacucho, Peru. Fecal samples were collected from a total of 254 goats from four districts of Ayacucho: Ocaña (89), Colca (76), Pacaicasa (64), and Luricocha (25) during the dry season; recording the location, sex, and age of the animals. The fecal samples were analyzed using the flotation technique in salt and sugar solution, and modified McMaster egg counting techniques for eggs/oocysts (epg/opg) of gastrointestinal parasites. The associations between location, sex, and age with the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites were analyzed using the chi-square test. Fecal samples showed an overall parasite prevalence of 87.80%. The identified parasites were Eimeria spp. (86.22%), Strongyle type eggs (STE) (65.75%), Skrjabinema spp. (7.87%), Trichuris spp. (3.15%) and Moniezia spp. (3.15%). There was a significant association between the location and the presence of parasites (p < 0.05); where STE was more prevalent in the district of Colca (98.68%); Trichuris spp. in Pacaycasa (9.38%); Skrjabinema spp. (48.00%), Moniezia spp. (12.00%) and Eimeria spp. (100%) were more prevalent in Luricocha. Sex had a significant association with the prevalence of Eimeria spp., Skrjabinema spp. and Moniezia spp. (p < 0.05); while age had a significant association with parasitosis only for Trichuris spp. and Moniezia spp. (p < 0.05). The epg/opg values revealed a higher parasite burden in goats from Colca compared to the other locations (p < 0.05). There was also no statistical relationship between fecal egg/oocyst counts and sex or age, nevertheless, there were moderate and high parasitic burdens. The high prevalence of parasites such as nematodes, cestodes, and coccidia suggests the need to implement strategic control and prevention programs in free-grazing goats. Location and sex were the most relevant risk factors for parasitosis in Ayacucho, Peru.
本研究评估了秘鲁阿亚库乔省放牧山羊胃肠道寄生虫感染的流行情况和相关风险因素。在旱季，从奥卡尼亚（89 只）、科尔卡（76 只）、帕卡伊卡萨（64 只）和卢里科查（25 只）四个区采集了 254 只山羊的粪便样本，记录了动物的位置、性别和年龄。使用漂浮技术在盐和糖溶液中以及改良的麦克马斯特虫卵计数技术对胃肠道寄生虫的卵/卵囊（epg/opg）进行分析。使用卡方检验分析地理位置、性别和年龄与胃肠道寄生虫流行率之间的关系。粪便样本显示寄生虫总流行率为 87.80%。鉴定出的寄生虫为艾美耳球虫（86.22%）、类圆线虫型卵（STE）（65.75%）、斯克里贾宾线虫（7.87%）、毛首线虫（3.15%）和孟氏迭宫绦虫（3.15%）。地理位置与寄生虫的存在有显著相关性（p<0.05）；科尔卡区的 STE 更为普遍（98.68%）；帕卡伊卡萨的毛首线虫（9.38%）；斯克里贾宾线虫（48.00%）、孟氏迭宫绦虫（12.00%）和艾美耳球虫（100%）在卢里科查更为普遍。性别与艾美耳球虫、斯克里贾宾线虫和孟氏迭宫绦虫的流行率有显著相关性（p<0.05）；而年龄仅与毛首线虫和孟氏迭宫绦虫的寄生虫病有显著相关性（p<0.05）。epg/opg 值显示，科尔卡地区山羊的寄生虫负担高于其他地区（p<0.05）。粪便卵/卵囊计数与性别或年龄之间也没有统计学关系，但存在中度和高度寄生虫负担。线虫、绦虫和球虫等寄生虫的高流行率表明，需要在自由放牧的山羊中实施战略控制和预防计划。在秘鲁阿亚库乔，地理位置和性别是寄生虫病的最相关风险因素。
