ICNOVA - Instituto de Comunicação da NOVA, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2024 Jun-Aug;36(4-5):469-479. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2024.2327391. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
Multiple studies from various countries have found evidence of suicide increases after media reports of suicide, which are known as the Werther effect, but responsible suicide reporting can contribute to suicide prevention, a phenomenon known as the Papageno effect. This study aims to assess adherence by the Portuguese media to the suicide reporting guidelines released by the World Health Organization (WHO) and to determine whether there are differences in reporting style between them and over time. News items about six suicides of public and non-public figures between 1996 and 2020 were collected from several Portuguese media-two newspapers, three radio stations, three television channels, and a few websites-in the periods following those deaths, and they were subsequently examined for adherence to the WHO guidelines. A total of 374 news items were analyzed. The majority of them complied with most of the WHO recommendations for suicide reporting, especially the 'don't do' guidelines. However, most of the news items that were analyzed did not follow the recommendations regarding putatively preventive information, notably the inclusion of support contacts and citation of mental health experts. The Portuguese media mostly adhered to the WHO suicide reporting guidelines and there was a positive evolution over time in the level of compliance with them. Nevertheless, there is room for improvement.
来自多个国家的多项研究发现，媒体对自杀事件的报道后自杀人数有所增加，这种现象被称为“维特效应”，但负责任的自杀报道有助于预防自杀，这种现象被称为“帕帕杰诺效应”。本研究旨在评估葡萄牙媒体对世界卫生组织（WHO）发布的自杀报道指南的遵守情况，并确定它们之间以及随着时间的推移报道风格是否存在差异。在 1996 年至 2020 年期间，从几家葡萄牙媒体（两份报纸、三个广播电台、三个电视频道和一些网站）收集了六位公众和非公众人物的自杀新闻报道，在这些人死亡后，对这些新闻报道是否遵守世卫组织指南进行了检查。共分析了 374 条新闻报道。它们中的大多数都遵守了世卫组织关于自杀报道的大多数建议，特别是“不要做”的指南。然而，大多数被分析的新闻报道并没有遵循关于据称具有预防作用的信息的建议，尤其是没有包括支持联系人的信息和援引心理健康专家的意见。葡萄牙媒体大多遵守世卫组织的自杀报道指南，而且随着时间的推移，对这些指南的遵守程度也在不断提高。然而，仍有改进的空间。
