Timotin Alina, Paladi Adriana, Mita Valentin, Chihai Valeria, Lozan Oleg
School of Public Health Management, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
Eur J Public Health. 2025 Apr 1;35(2):270-275. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae161.
Although the Republic of Moldova had good vaccination rates, anti-vax messages have recently begun to spread, eroding the population's confidence. Vaccination coverage against measles, mumps, and rubella at the target age of 12 months decreased from 95% in 2008 to 83% in 2021. The recent measles outbreak in Romania and three confirmed cases in Moldova, combined with the refugee crisis, have highlighted the importance of vaccination and sparked online conversations on this subject. A mixed-methods study was conducted, involving social listening activities on immunization using the Talkwalker software and qualitative analysis of the identified narratives. Out of 450 identified comments, 30 were selected for further analysis. Over 5 months, a total of 865 results were obtained, with an engagement rate of 6300. The peak in results occurred between 11 and 18 December, driven by the recent measles outbreak in Romania, which saw several confirmed cases and one death, as well as the first cases of measles in Moldova after 3 years. However, no significant increase in the engagement rate was recorded. Comments on immunization tended to reflect distrust in authorities and doctors, political and ideological views, and a lack of knowledge about the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases. The analysed conversations are assessed as having a low risk of spreading, though some employ techniques to influence or manipulate behaviours. The topic of vaccination is used to promote political ideologies through messages issued by the mass media. The information vacuum must be filled with messages designed to produce attitude change regarding vaccination.
尽管摩尔多瓦共和国的疫苗接种率良好，但近期反疫苗信息开始传播，削弱了民众的信心。12个月龄目标人群的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗接种覆盖率从2008年的95%降至2021年的83%。罗马尼亚近期的麻疹疫情以及摩尔多瓦的三例确诊病例，再加上难民危机，凸显了疫苗接种的重要性，并引发了关于这一话题的线上讨论。开展了一项混合方法研究，包括使用Talkwalker软件进行免疫接种方面的社会倾听活动以及对所确定叙述的定性分析。在450条确定的评论中，选取了30条进行进一步分析。在5个多月的时间里，共获得865条结果，参与率为6300。结果的峰值出现在12月11日至18日之间，这是由罗马尼亚近期的麻疹疫情推动的，此次疫情出现了几例确诊病例和一例死亡，以及摩尔多瓦三年来首例麻疹病例。然而，参与率没有显著增加。关于免疫接种的评论往往反映出对当局和医生缺乏信任、政治和意识形态观点，以及对疫苗可预防疾病风险的了解不足。经分析的对话被评估为传播风险较低，不过有些对话采用了影响或操纵行为的技巧。大众媒体发布的信息利用疫苗接种这一话题来宣扬政治意识形态。必须用旨在改变人们对疫苗接种态度的信息来填补信息空白。
