Wu Lei, Song Yanlin
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
Mater Horiz. 2025 Jan 20;12(2):401-417. doi: 10.1039/d4mh01160k.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is capable of transforming computer-aided designs into intricate structures directly and on demand. This technology has garnered significant attention in recent years. Among the various approaches, digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing, which utilizes polymers or prepolymers as the ink, has emerged as the leading new technology, driven by high demand across diverse fields such as customized production, healthcare, education, and art design. DLP 3D printing technology employs cured slices as molding units and is recognized for its potential to achieve both high printing speed and resolution. Recent insights into the DLP printing process highlight its inherent interface transformations between liquid and solid states. This review summarizes key aspects of the printing process, speed, precision, and material diversity optimization, from the view of interfacial interactions between solid and liquid phases which are influenced by resin formation, curing surfaces and light source properties. These interactions include those at the liquid resin-UV pattern interface, the cured structure-curing surface interface, the liquid resin-curing surface interface, and the liquid resin-cured structure interface, each contributing to the unique characteristics of the printed results. Finally, this review addresses the current challenges and limitations of DLP 3D printing, providing valuable insights for future improvements and guiding potential innovations in the field.
三维（3D）打印，也称为增材制造，能够将计算机辅助设计直接按需转化为复杂结构。近年来，这项技术备受关注。在各种方法中，以聚合物或预聚物作为墨水的数字光处理（DLP）3D打印，在定制生产、医疗保健、教育和艺术设计等不同领域的高需求推动下，已成为领先的新技术。DLP 3D打印技术采用固化切片作为成型单元，以其实现高打印速度和分辨率的潜力而闻名。最近对DLP打印过程的见解突出了其在液态和固态之间固有的界面转变。本综述从受树脂形成、固化表面和光源特性影响的固液相界面相互作用的角度，总结了打印过程、速度、精度和材料多样性优化的关键方面。这些相互作用包括液态树脂 - UV图案界面、固化结构 - 固化表面界面、液态树脂 - 固化表面界面和液态树脂 - 固化结构界面的相互作用，每一种都对打印结果的独特特性有所贡献。最后，本综述探讨了DLP 3D打印当前面临的挑战和局限性，为未来的改进提供了有价值的见解，并指导该领域的潜在创新。
