CRARL Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Italy.
SITAC - Società Italiana per il Trattamento dell'Alcolismo e le sue Complicanze, Rome, Italy.
Riv Psichiatr. 2024 Sep-Oct;59(5):269-277. doi: 10.1708/4360.43517.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) refer to a group of clinical conditions that occur in a person exposed to alcohol before birth. Neuroimaging shows abnormalities in brain structure, cortical development, white matter microstructure, and functional connectivity in individuals with FASD. These abnormalities modify the normal developmental trajectories resulting in deficits in cognition and behavior across several domains, including general intelligence, memory, language, attention, learning, visuospatial abilities, executive functioning, fine and gross motor skills, and social and adaptive functioning. This paper provides a review of the cognitive and behavioral outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure. Updates data on FASD-specific neurobehavioral profile and its potential as a diagnostic tool will then be presented.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是指一组在人出生前暴露于酒精中而发生的临床病症。神经影像学显示，FASD 个体的大脑结构、皮质发育、白质微观结构和功能连接存在异常。这些异常改变了正常的发育轨迹，导致认知和行为在多个领域出现缺陷，包括一般智力、记忆、语言、注意力、学习、视空间能力、执行功能、精细和粗大运动技能以及社会和适应功能。本文综述了产前酒精暴露的认知和行为后果。然后将介绍 FASD 特异性神经行为特征及其作为诊断工具的潜力的最新数据。
