Department of Energy Engineering, Assam Science and Technology University, Jalukbari, Tetelia, Guwahati, 781011, Assam, India.
National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Guwahati, 781022, Assam, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2024 Oct 29;206(11):448. doi: 10.1007/s00203-024-04172-4.
Addressing global environmental challenges and meeting the escalating energy demands stand as two pivotal issues in the current landscape. Lignocellulosic biomass emerges as a promising renewable bio-energy source capable of fulfilling the world's energy requirements on a large scale. One of the most important steps in lowering reliance on fossil fuel and lessening environmental effect is turning lignocellulosic biomass into biofuel. As carbon-neutral substitutes for traditional fuel, biofuel offer a solution to environmental concerns compared to conventional fuel. Effective utilization of lignocellulosic biomass is imperative for sustainable development. Ongoing research focuses on exploring the potential of various microorganisms and their co-interactions to synthesize diverse biofuels from different starting materials, including lignocellulosic biomass. Co-culture techniques demonstrate resilience to nutrient scarcity and environmental fluctuations. By utilising a variety of carbon sources, microbes can enhance their adaptability to environmental stressors and potentially increase productivity through their symbiotic interactions. Furthermore, compared to single organism involvement, co-interactions allow faster execution of multistep processes. Lignocellulosic biomass serves as a primary substrate for pre-treatment, fermentation, and enzymatic hydrolysis processes. This review primarily delves into the pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis process and the biochemical pathways involved in converting lignocellulosic biomass into bioenergy.
应对全球环境挑战和满足不断增长的能源需求是当前形势下的两个关键问题。木质纤维素生物质作为一种有前途的可再生生物能源，能够大规模满足世界的能源需求。降低对化石燃料的依赖和减轻环境影响的最重要步骤之一是将木质纤维素生物质转化为生物燃料。与传统燃料相比，生物燃料作为碳中性替代品，为解决环境问题提供了一种解决方案。有效利用木质纤维素生物质对可持续发展至关重要。目前的研究重点是探索各种微生物及其相互作用的潜力，以利用不同的起始材料（包括木质纤维素生物质）合成各种生物燃料。共培养技术对营养物质短缺和环境波动具有弹性。通过利用各种碳源，微生物可以增强其对环境胁迫的适应性，并通过共生相互作用提高生产力。此外，与单一生物的参与相比，相互作用可以更快地执行多步过程。木质纤维素生物质是预处理、发酵和酶解过程的主要底物。本文主要探讨了预处理、酶解过程以及将木质纤维素生物质转化为生物能源所涉及的生化途径。
