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BiP/GRP78 是多种双链 DNA 病毒的促病毒因子,它促进了 KSHV 感染后细胞的存活和增殖。

BiP/GRP78 is a pro-viral factor for diverse dsDNA viruses that promotes the survival and proliferation of cells upon KSHV infection.

机构信息

University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America.

Chan Zuckerberg BioHub, San Francisco, California, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS Pathog. 2024 Oct 29;20(10):e1012660. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012660. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Abstract

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-resident HSP70 chaperone BiP (HSPA5) plays a crucial role in maintaining and restoring protein folding homeostasis in the ER. BiP's function is often dysregulated in cancer and virus-infected cells, conferring pro-oncogenic and pro-viral advantages. We explored BiP's functions during infection by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic gamma-herpesvirus associated with cancers of immunocompromised patients. Our findings reveal that BiP protein levels are upregulated in infected epithelial cells during the lytic phase of KSHV infection. This upregulation occurs independently of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a major signaling pathway that regulates BiP availability. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of BiP halts KSHV viral replication and reduces the proliferation and survival of KSHV-infected cells. Notably, inhibition of BiP limits the spread of other alpha- and beta-herpesviruses and poxviruses with minimal toxicity for normal cells. Our work suggests that BiP is a potential target for developing broad-spectrum antiviral therapies against double-stranded DNA viruses and a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in KSHV-related malignancies.

摘要

内质网(ER)驻留的热休克蛋白 70 伴侣 BiP(HSPA5)在维持和恢复 ER 中的蛋白质折叠平衡方面发挥着关键作用。BiP 的功能在癌症和病毒感染细胞中经常失调,赋予致癌和促病毒优势。我们探讨了 BiP 在卡波济肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)感染期间的功能,KSHV 是一种与免疫功能低下患者癌症相关的致癌γ疱疹病毒。我们的研究结果表明,在 KSHV 感染的裂解期,感染的上皮细胞中 BiP 蛋白水平上调。这种上调独立于未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)发生,UPR 是调节 BiP 可用性的主要信号通路。BiP 的遗传和药物抑制可阻止 KSHV 病毒复制,并降低 KSHV 感染细胞的增殖和存活。值得注意的是,抑制 BiP 可限制其他α和β疱疹病毒和痘病毒的传播,对正常细胞的毒性最小。我们的工作表明,BiP 是开发针对双链 DNA 病毒的广谱抗病毒治疗的潜在靶标,也是治疗 KSHV 相关恶性肿瘤的有前途的候选药物。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b9f8/11548844/2660ca542bbf/ppat.1012660.g001.jpg

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