Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2024 Oct 29;206(11):449. doi: 10.1007/s00203-024-04179-x.
Cancer poses a serious threat to health globally, with millions diagnosed every year. According to Global Cancer Statistics 2024, about 20 million new cases were reported in 2022, and 9.7 million people worldwide died of this condition. Advanced therapies include combination of one or more treatment procedures, depending on the type, stage, and particular genetic constitution of the cancer, which may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplant. Also, awareness about lifestyle changes, preventive measures and screening at early stages has reduced the incidence of the disease; still, there is a major failure in controlling the incidence of cancer because of its complex and multifaceted nature. With increasing interest in bacterial metabolites as possible novel and effective treatment options in cancer therapy, their main benefits include not only direct anticancer effects but also the modulation of the immune system and potential for targeted and combination therapies. They can therefore be used in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy to improve outcomes or reduce side effects. Furthermore, nanoparticle-based delivery systems have the potential to enhance the potency and safety of anticancer drugs by providing improved stability, targeted release, and controlled delivery.
癌症对全球健康构成严重威胁，每年有数百万例被确诊。根据《2024 年全球癌症统计》，2022 年报告的新发病例约为 2000 万例，全球有 970 万人死于这种疾病。先进的治疗方法包括根据癌症的类型、阶段和特定的遗传构成，结合一种或多种治疗程序，这些治疗程序可能包括手术、放疗、化疗、免疫疗法、激素疗法、靶向疗法和干细胞移植。此外，由于癌症的复杂性和多面性，人们对生活方式改变、预防措施和早期筛查的认识提高了，降低了疾病的发病率；但癌症发病率的控制仍然存在重大失败。由于细菌代谢物作为癌症治疗中可能的新型有效治疗选择的兴趣日益浓厚，它们的主要益处不仅包括直接的抗癌作用，还包括对免疫系统的调节以及靶向和联合治疗的潜力。因此，它们可以与化疗、放疗或免疫疗法联合使用，以改善疗效或减少副作用。此外，基于纳米颗粒的递药系统有可能通过提供更好的稳定性、靶向释放和控制释放来提高抗癌药物的效力和安全性。
