Possible relations between emotional contagion and social buffering.

Emotional contagion can be defined as the transfer of an emotional state from the demonstrator of that state towards an observer. Social buffering is a process by which the demonstrator has a reduced stress response due to the presence of one or more other individuals. While both processes are well studied separately, it is unknown whether and how both processes are related. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relation between emotional contagion and social buffering in pigs. Hereto correlations were performed between measures of emotional contagion (i.e., the difference in behaviour of observer pigs between a situation with and without demonstrator pigs present) and measures of social buffering (i.e., the difference in behaviour of demonstrator pigs in a negative situation with and without observer pigs present). The results did not point towards a clear and consistent relation as only few and contrasting correlations between measures of emotional contagion and social buffering were found, and after correcting for chance no significant correlations remained. To conclude, more research is needed on the relation between emotional contagion and social buffering to shed light on how and when emotions will spread through and/or are buffered in a group of animals.