晚年精神因素和生活满意度与认知错误有关：来自印度大规模调查实验模块的证据。

Late-life psychiatric factors and life satisfaction are associated with cognitive errors: evidence from an experimental module of a large-scale survey in India.

机构信息

School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.

Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 29;14(1):25917. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76180-9.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-76180-9

PMID:39472727

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11522421/

Abstract

Older adults are at risk of committing cognitive and decision-making errors due to the decline in cognitive functions. However, the understanding of the determining factors of cognitive errors among ageing adults is limited. In this study, we explored the role of various psychiatric factors, life satisfaction, and other socioeconomic, health and behavioural risk factors of committing cognitive errors among middle-aged and older adults in India. The study utilized the data from the experimental module of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave-1 (2017-2018) with a sample of 12,754 adults aged 45 years and above. The cognitive error was measured using logical fallacies committed in the activity-based experiments. The study employed descriptive, bivariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression models to identify the factors associated with cognitive errors among the study participants. Depression (aOR = 1.28, 99%, CI: 1.16-1.41), life satisfaction (aOR = 0.99, 99%, CI: 0.98-1.00), and cognitive impairment (aOR = 1.13, 90% CI: 1.00-1.30) self-reported psychiatric) were significantly associated with higher odds of committing cognitive errors among the middle-aged and older adults. Also, ageing adults with low educational levels, functional limitations, sleep disturbances, smoking history, living in rural areas and belonging to scheduled tribes had a higher probability of committing cognitive errors. However, involvement in physical activity, reading habits and social interactions reduced the odds of cognitive errors among this sample. Mental health and well-being indicators, including depression, life satisfaction, cognitive impairment, and other health and behavioural health factors, determine cognitive errors among ageing adults. Programs and policies should be initiated to address these factors, reduce cognitive errors, and ensure active ageing.

摘要

老年人由于认知功能下降，面临认知和决策错误的风险。然而，对于老年人认知错误的决定因素的理解是有限的。在这项研究中，我们探讨了各种精神因素、生活满意度以及其他社会经济、健康和行为风险因素在印度中老年人群中导致认知错误的作用。该研究利用了印度纵向老龄化研究（LASI）第 1 波（2017-2018 年）实验模块的数据，样本包括 12754 名 45 岁及以上的成年人。认知错误是通过基于活动的实验中犯下的逻辑谬误来衡量的。该研究采用描述性、双变量统计和多变量逻辑回归模型来确定与研究参与者认知错误相关的因素。抑郁（aOR=1.28，99%，CI：1.16-1.41）、生活满意度（aOR=0.99，99%，CI：0.98-1.00）和认知障碍（aOR=1.13，90%，CI：1.00-1.30）自我报告的精神疾病）与中老年人群中认知错误的发生几率显著相关。此外，教育程度低、功能受限、睡眠障碍、吸烟史、居住在农村地区和属于在册部落的老年人发生认知错误的可能性更高。然而，参与体育活动、阅读习惯和社会交往可以降低该样本认知错误的几率。心理健康和幸福感指标，包括抑郁、生活满意度、认知障碍以及其他健康和行为健康因素，决定了老年人的认知错误。应启动计划和政策来解决这些因素，减少认知错误，确保积极老龄化。