Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Branch in Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
BMC Genomics. 2024 Oct 29;25(1):1015. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10921-y.
The recent emergence of Elizabethkingia anophelis as a human pathogen is a major concern for global public health. This organism has the potential to cause severe infections and has inherent antimicrobial resistance. The potential for widespread outbreaks and rapid global spread highlights the critical importance of understanding the biology and transmission dynamics of this infectious agent. We performed a large-scale analysis of available 540 E. anophelis, including one novel strain isolated from raw milk and sequenced in this study. Pan-genome analysis revealed an open and diverse pan-genome in this species, characterized by the presence of many accessory genes. This suggests that the species has a high level of adaptability and can thrive in a variety of environments. Phylogenetic analysis has also revealed a complex population structure, with limited source-lineage correlation. We identified diverse antimicrobial resistance factors, including core-genome and accessory ones often associated with mobile genetic elements within specific lineages. Mobilome analysis revealed a dynamic landscape primarily composed of genetic islands, integrative and conjugative elements, prophage elements, and small portion of plasmids emphasizing a complex mechanism of horizontal gene transfer. Our study underscores the adaptability of E. anophelis, characterized by a diverse range of antimicrobial resistance genes, putative virulence factors, and genes enhancing fitness. This adaptability is also supported by the organism's ability to acquire genetic material through horizontal gene transfer, primarily facilitated by mobile genetic elements such as integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). The potential for rapid evolution of this emerging pathogen poses a significant challenge to public health efforts.
伊丽莎白kingia 最近出现作为人类病原体是一个主要关注的全球公共卫生。这种生物有可能导致严重感染，并具有内在的抗菌药物耐药性。广泛爆发和快速全球传播的可能性突出了了解这种传染病的生物学和传播动态的关键重要性。我们对现有的 540 个 E. anophelis 进行了大规模分析，包括从生奶中分离出来的一个新菌株，并在本研究中进行了测序。泛基因组分析显示该物种的泛基因组是开放和多样化的，其特征是存在许多辅助基因。这表明该物种具有高度的适应性，可以在多种环境中生存。系统发育分析也揭示了一个复杂的种群结构，来源与谱系相关性有限。我们鉴定了多种抗菌药物耐药因子，包括核心基因组和辅助基因组，这些基因通常与特定谱系内的移动遗传元件有关。可移动基因组分析显示了一个动态景观，主要由遗传岛、整合和共轭元件、噬菌体元件和一小部分质粒组成，强调了水平基因转移的复杂机制。我们的研究强调了 E. anophelis 的适应性，其特点是具有广泛的抗菌药物耐药基因、假定的毒力因子和增强适应性的基因。这种适应性也得到了该生物通过水平基因转移获得遗传物质的能力的支持，主要是通过整合和共轭元件（ICEs）等移动遗传元件来实现的。这种新兴病原体的快速进化潜力对公共卫生努力构成了重大挑战。
