Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Oct 29;24(1):1312. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04868-5.
The present observational clinical investigation is based on the hypothesis that subgingival yeast carriage (SYC) is higher in cigarette-smokers with peri-implant mucositis (PM) than non-smokers with and without PM.
The aim was to assess peri-implant clinical profile and SYC among cigarette-smokers with PM.
Participants were divided into four groups: Group-1-Cigarette-smokers with PM; Group-2-Cigarette-smokers without PM; Group-3-Non-smokers with PM; and Group-4-Non-smokers without PM. Information on duration and daily frequency of cigarette smoking (pack years), age, gender, familial history of smoking and most recent visit to a dentist and/or dental hygienist was collected. The following information was retrieved from healthcare records: implant dimensions, implant insertion torque, depth of insertion (credidastal or subcrestal), implant abutment connection, jaw location, implant surface characteristic, and mode of implant prosthesis retention. Peri-implant modified plaque and gingival indices (mPI and mGI), probing depth (PD) and crestal bone loss were recorded. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected, and SYC was recorded in colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml). P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Eighty male individuals (20, 19, 21 and 20 individuals were included in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively) were included. The mPI was higher in Group-1 than groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The mPI was higher in Group-3 than groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The mGI was higher in Group-3 than groups 1 (P < 0.05), 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The PD was higher in Group-1 than groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The PD was higher in Group-3 than Groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The CFU/ml were higher in Group-1 than groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05). The CFU/ml were higher in Group-3 than groups 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.05).
Peri-implant soft-tissue inflammatory parameters are worse and SYC is higher in moderate smokers than light smokers with PM and non-smokers without PM.
本观察性临床研究基于这样一个假设，即在患有种植体周围黏膜炎（PM）的吸烟人群中，龈下酵母携带（SYC）高于不吸烟且无 PM 的人群。
评估吸烟人群中 PM 患者的种植体临床状况和 SYC。
参与者分为四组：组 1-吸烟伴 PM 患者；组 2-吸烟不伴 PM 患者；组 3-不吸烟伴 PM 患者；组 4-不吸烟不伴 PM 患者。收集了吸烟持续时间和每日吸烟频率（包年）、年龄、性别、吸烟家族史以及最近一次看牙医和/或牙科保健师的信息。从医疗记录中检索到以下信息：种植体尺寸、种植体插入扭矩、插入深度（credidastal 或 subcrestal）、种植体基台连接、颌骨位置、种植体表面特征和种植体修复体保留方式。记录种植体周围改良菌斑和牙龈指数（mPI 和 mGI）、探诊深度（PD）和牙槽骨丧失情况。采集龈下生物膜样本，以每毫升菌落形成单位（CFU/ml）记录 SYC。P<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
共纳入 80 名男性个体（分别有 20、19、21 和 20 名个体纳入组 1、2、3 和 4）。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 1 的 mPI 更高。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 3 的 mPI 更高。与组 1（P<0.05）、组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 3 的 mGI 更高。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 1 的 PD 更高。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 3 的 PD 更高。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 1 的 CFU/ml 更高。与组 2（P<0.05）和组 4（P<0.05）相比，组 3 的 CFU/ml 更高。
与无 PM 的轻烟者和不吸烟者相比，中烟者的种植体周围软组织炎症参数更差，SYC 更高。
