Barrantes Murillo Daniel Felipe, Berrocal Alexis, Ali Ibne Karim M, Uzal Francisco A
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Laboratorio de Patología, Histopatovet, Heredia, Costa Rica.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2025 Jan;37(1):164-172. doi: 10.1177/10406387241292346. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
A free-ranging, adult female two-toed sloth () was brought to a wildlife rescue center in Costa Rica with ocular and auricular myiasis and numerous skin lesions. After one month of unsuccessful systemic and topical antimicrobial treatment, the patient died. A postmortem examination was performed, and tissues were examined histologically, confirming disseminated amebic infection with intralesional trophozoites and cysts in the lungs, liver, eye, heart, spleen, and stomach. Immunohistochemistry identified the ameba as sp. A multiplex real-time PCR assay, 18S ribosomal DNA PCR, and sequencing performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue confirmed the T17 genotype. The genus is in the group of free-living amebas that cause infection in humans and animals, and it is ubiquitous in the environment. T17 has been isolated from water and soil, but to our knowledge, this genotype has not been implicated in infections of animals previously and has not been reported from Costa Rica. Systemic infection has not been described in sloths previously. We provide a comprehensive literature review describing infections by free-living amebas of the genus spp., spp., and spp. in domestic, zoo, and wild mammals.
一只成年野生雌性二趾树懒被带到哥斯达黎加的一个野生动物救助中心，患有眼耳蝇蛆病和多处皮肤损伤。经过一个月的全身和局部抗菌治疗均未成功，该患者死亡。进行了尸检，并对组织进行了组织学检查，证实肺部、肝脏、眼睛、心脏、脾脏和胃中存在播散性阿米巴感染，病变内有滋养体和包囊。免疫组织化学鉴定该阿米巴为棘阿米巴属。对福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的肺组织进行多重实时PCR检测、18S核糖体DNA PCR和测序，证实为棘阿米巴T17基因型。棘阿米巴属属于自由生活阿米巴，可引起人类和动物感染，在环境中普遍存在。T17基因型已从水和土壤中分离出来，但据我们所知，该基因型此前未涉及动物感染，在哥斯达黎加也未见报道。此前尚未有树懒全身性棘阿米巴感染的描述。我们提供了一篇全面的文献综述，描述了棘阿米巴属、耐格里属和双鞭阿米巴属自由生活阿米巴在 domestic、动物园和野生哺乳动物中的感染情况。
