Zhang Yu, Hu Qian, Fu Jiaqi, Li Xinting, Mao Hongjun, Wang Ting
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Environ Health (Wash). 2023 Aug 8;1(3):150-167. doi: 10.1021/envhealth.3c00060. eCollection 2023 Sep 15.
The oxygen (OPAHs), nitro (NPAHs), hydroxyl (OH-PAHs), and alkylated (APAHs) derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants in the environment. The concentrations of NPAHs, OPAHs, OH-PAHs, and APAHs are lower than that of PAHs in the environment, but the carcinogenic abilities of the derivatives are usually 10 to 1,000-fold higher than that of parent PAHs. There are three main pathways for the exposure of polycyclic aromatic compounds to humans, including inhalation, direct contact, and ingestion. After exposure by inhalation, they are mainly distributed in the lungs, affecting lung function and causing inflammation, asthma, etc. Due to the digestive system's strong capacity for metabolism, intake of PAHs and the derivatives is primarily distributed in the digestive system and metabolized there. And it may lead to dysplasia of these organs and even to cancer. The skin is the primary site of direct contact with PAH derivatives. PAH derivatives can enter the bloodstream through all three contact pathways, thereby accumulating in various organs. This study aimed to summarize the influence of exposure pathways on tissue distribution and the health impact of PAH derivatives to provide references for future research and evaluation on public health.
多环芳烃（PAHs）的氧代（OPAHs）、硝基（NPAHs）、羟基（OH-PAHs）和烷基化（APAHs）衍生物是环境中普遍存在的污染物。环境中NPAHs、OPAHs、OH-PAHs和APAHs的浓度低于PAHs，但这些衍生物的致癌能力通常比母体PAHs高10至1000倍。多环芳烃化合物进入人体主要有三条途径，包括吸入、直接接触和摄入。经吸入接触后，它们主要分布在肺部，影响肺功能并引发炎症、哮喘等。由于消化系统的代谢能力较强，PAHs及其衍生物摄入后主要分布在消化系统并在那里代谢。这可能导致这些器官发育异常甚至引发癌症。皮肤是与PAH衍生物直接接触的主要部位。PAH衍生物可通过这三种接触途径进入血液循环，从而在各个器官中蓄积。本研究旨在总结接触途径对PAH衍生物组织分布的影响及其对健康的影响，为今后公共卫生领域的研究和评估提供参考。
