Zhang Zhenping, Dong Shiqi, Li Jinrong, Aizezi Maimaiti, Huang Peng, Abula Saifuding, Mai Zhanhai, Liu Dandan, Wusiman Adelijiang
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animals (XJ-KLNDSCHA), College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Oct 15;11:1428623. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1428623. eCollection 2024.
In this study, polysaccharides (LSP) was prepared using the water-alcohol precipitation method to evaluate its effects on growth performance, slaughter performance, cytokines, immune organ indices, cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and microbial community structure in broiler chickens when added to the basal diet. Seventy-five broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into five groups, with 15 chickens per group. All groups were fed a basal diet for 7 days. From 7 days of age, the control group continued to receive the basal diet, while the positive drug group was fed a diet supplemented with Astragalus polysaccharides (APS, 100 g/kg) in addition to the basal diet. The experimental groups were fed diets containing different concentrations of LSP (50, 100, and 200 g/kg) in addition to the basal diet, and the supplementation continued for 42 days. The findings indicated that the incorporation of LSP into the feed significantly enhanced average daily weight gain (ADWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed to gain ratio (F/G), dressing percentage, percentage of breast muscle, percentage of leg muscle, and percentage of abdominal fat while concurrently reducing drip loss rate and cooking loss rate ( < 0.01) in comparison to the control group. Additionally, it significantly augmented the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in cytokines, secreted immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in immunoglobulins, as well as immune organ indicators ( < 0.05). Furthermore, LSP also modulated the intestinal microbiome composition by increasing the abundance of species and significantly changing concentrations of specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as propionic acid, isobutyric acid, acetic acid, and isovaleric acid ( < 0.01). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with LSP can effectively regulate intestinal microbiome composition while promoting short-chain fatty acid production. The alterations in microbial characteristics ultimately contribute to improved intestinal immunity and immune organ development as well as enhanced production performance and immune function in broilers.
在本研究中，采用水醇沉淀法制备多糖（LSP），以评估其添加到基础日粮中时对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、细胞因子、免疫器官指数、盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和微生物群落结构的影响。选取75只肉鸡，随机分为五组，每组15只。所有组均饲喂基础日粮7天。从7日龄开始，对照组继续饲喂基础日粮，而阳性药物组在基础日粮之外饲喂添加黄芪多糖（APS，100 g/kg）的日粮。实验组在基础日粮之外饲喂含有不同浓度LSP（50、100和200 g/kg）的日粮，补充持续42天。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，在饲料中添加LSP显著提高了平均日增重（ADWG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、料重比（F/G）、屠宰率、胸肌百分比、腿肌百分比和腹脂百分比，同时降低了滴水损失率和蒸煮损失率（P<0.01）。此外，它还显著提高了细胞因子中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）和白细胞介素-12（IL-12）的水平、免疫球蛋白中分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）和免疫球蛋白G（IgG）的水平以及免疫器官指标（P<0.05）。此外，LSP还通过增加物种丰度和显著改变特定短链脂肪酸（如丙酸、异丁酸、乙酸和异戊酸）的浓度来调节肠道微生物群组成（P<0.01）。这些结果表明，日粮中添加LSP可以有效调节肠道微生物群组成，同时促进短链脂肪酸的产生。微生物特性的改变最终有助于改善肠道免疫力和免疫器官发育，以及提高肉鸡的生产性能和免疫功能。
