Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A. C. (CICY), Calle 43 n. 130 x 32 y 34 Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán, CP. 97205, Mexico.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 Oct 30;56(8):369. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04209-2.
There are concerns about residues of drugs in meat that are used to prevent coccidiosis in chickens. Natural compounds are an alternative to drugs. Two studies investigated the effect of an extract of Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits (EEC) in the feed of male Leghorn chickens exposed to Eimeria spp. In the first experiment, the administration of EEC after infection with Eimeria spp. was investigated over 16 days. One thousand chickens were randomly housed in 20 pens of 1 m each. The pens were randomly assigned to each treatment. Five treatments were administered, containing 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg of EEC in the feed, the fourth treatment (C) contained 0.5 g/kg of a commercial anticoccidial, and the fifth treatment provided no treatment (WA). The second experiment lasted 18 days. Administration of the EEC began five days before the chickens were infected with Eimeria spp. Four hundred and eighty chickens were randomly allocated to 24 pens of 1 m. The pens were randomly assigned to each treatment. In the second experiment, the same five treatments were tested and one additional treatment containing 300 mg EEC plus 1 g of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/kg of feed (E300PEG). In the experiment one chickens in the EEC treatments had lower faecal oocyst excretion (OE) on day 14 post infection with Eimeria spp., than chickens in the WA treatment (P < 0.05). A reduction in live weight gain (LWG) was observed in the EEC treatments (P < 0.05). In the second experiment, the excretion of oocysts in chickens from the EEC and E300PEG treatments on day 13 post-infection with Eimeria spp. was the same as in the C treatment and lower than in the WA treatment (P < 0.05). LWG was lower in the EEC treatments than in the C treatment (P < 0.05). However, the Chickens in the E300PEG and C treatments had similar LWG (P > 0.05) suggesting that PEG inhibits the negative effect of EEC tannins on LWG. In conclusion, the addition of EEC to chicken feed reduced both OE and LWG. Treatment with EEC and PEG (E300PEG) reduced the excretion of oocysts without negative effects on LWG.
人们担心用于预防鸡球虫病的药物在肉中的残留。天然化合物是药物的替代品。两项研究调查了在感染艾美尔球虫的情况下，在雄性来亨鸡饲料中添加环卡波姆果实提取物（EEC）的效果。在第一个实验中，在感染艾美尔球虫后 16 天内研究了 EEC 的给药情况。1000 只鸡被随机饲养在 20 个 1 米的围栏中。围栏被随机分配到每个处理组。共进行了 5 种处理，饲料中含有 150、300 和 450mg/kg 的 EEC，第四种处理（C）含有 0.5g/kg 的商业抗球虫药，第五种处理（WA）不进行处理。第二个实验持续了 18 天。在感染艾美尔球虫前五天开始给予 EEC。480 只鸡被随机分配到 24 个 1 米的围栏中。围栏被随机分配到每个处理组。在第二个实验中，测试了相同的 5 种处理方法，以及一种额外的含有 300mg EEC 和 1g 聚乙二醇（PEG）/kg 饲料的处理方法（E300PEG）。在实验一中，感染艾美尔球虫后第 14 天，EEC 处理组的鸡粪便卵囊排泄量（OE）低于 WA 处理组（P<0.05）。EEC 处理组的体重增长（LWG）降低（P<0.05）。在第二个实验中，感染艾美尔球虫后第 13 天，EEC 和 E300PEG 处理组鸡的卵囊排泄量与 C 处理组相同，低于 WA 处理组（P<0.05）。EEC 处理组的 LWG 低于 C 处理组（P<0.05）。然而，E300PEG 和 C 处理组的鸡的 LWG 相似（P>0.05），这表明 PEG 抑制了 EEC 单宁对 LWG 的负面影响。综上所述，在鸡饲料中添加 EEC 可减少 OE 和 LWG。用 EEC 和 PEG（E300PEG）处理可减少卵囊的排泄，而不会对 LWG 产生负面影响。
