Sun Xin, Li Chunhao
Department of Neurosurgery, Yanbian University Affiliated Hospital, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China.
Exp Ther Med. 2024 Oct 16;28(6):459. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12749. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Stroke, including hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, is a common disease of the central nervous system. It is characterized by a high mortality and disability rate and is closely associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension hyperglycemia, atrial fibrillation and unhealthy living habits. The continuous development of surgery and medications has decreased the mortality rate of patients with stroke and has greatly improved the disease prognosis. At present, the direction of clinical treatment and research has gradually shifted to the repair of nerve function after stroke. Osteopontin (OPN) is a widely distributed extracellular matrix protein. Due to its structural characteristics, OPN can be cut and modified into terminal fragments with different functions, which play different roles in various pathophysiological processes, such as formation of tumors, inflammation and autoimmune diseases. It has also become a potential diagnostic and therapeutic marker. In order to comprehensively analyze the specific role of OPN in nerve repair and its relationship with stroke and stroke-related diseases, the following key words were used: 'Osteopontin, stroke, atherosis, neuroplasticity, neural repair'. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane articles related to OPN were searched and summarized. The present review describes the OPN structure, isoforms, functions and its neural repair mechanism, and its association with the occurrence and development of stroke and related diseases was explored.
中风，包括出血性中风和缺血性中风，是中枢神经系统的一种常见疾病。其特点是死亡率和致残率高，且与动脉粥样硬化、高血压、高血糖、心房颤动及不良生活习惯密切相关。手术和药物治疗的不断发展降低了中风患者的死亡率，并极大地改善了疾病预后。目前，临床治疗和研究方向已逐渐转向中风后神经功能的修复。骨桥蛋白（OPN）是一种广泛分布的细胞外基质蛋白。由于其结构特点，OPN可被切割并修饰成具有不同功能的末端片段，这些片段在各种病理生理过程中发挥不同作用，如肿瘤形成、炎症和自身免疫性疾病。它也已成为一种潜在的诊断和治疗标志物。为了全面分析OPN在神经修复中的具体作用及其与中风及中风相关疾病的关系，使用了以下关键词：“骨桥蛋白、中风、动脉粥样硬化、神经可塑性、神经修复”。检索并总结了与OPN相关的PubMed、科学网和考科蓝文章。本综述描述了OPN的结构、亚型、功能及其神经修复机制，并探讨了其与中风及相关疾病发生发展的关联。
