Carnazzo Salvatore Michele, Nasikas Stergios, Comisi Francesco F
Pediatric Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ITA.
Neonatology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, FRA.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 30;16(9):e70487. doi: 10.7759/cureus.70487. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Ultrasound (US) has become a useful, bedside, noninvasive imaging technique in diagnosing pulmonary diseases, particularly in Neonatology, due to its non-invasive nature, lack of ionizing radiation, and high-quality imaging. This study explores current methodologies, applications, and benefits of thoracic US in neonatal care, highlighting its application in assessing pleural morphology, pulmonary consolidations, and diaphragmatic function. Key ultrasound findings, such as A-lines, B-lines, and the pleural sliding sign, are instrumental in diagnosing various lung conditions, including pneumothorax and respiratory distress syndrome. The present review emphasizes the growing importance of lung ultrasound (LUS) in predicting neonatal intensive care needs, reducing reliance on X-rays, and improving the early diagnosis of conditions like transient tachypnea of the newborn. The use of ultrasound scoring systems enhances diagnostic accuracy, making thoracic ultrasound a valuable addition to neonatal care protocols for real-time, radiation-free assessment from birth.
由于超声（US）具有非侵入性、无电离辐射以及成像质量高的特点，它已成为诊断肺部疾病的一种有用的床边无创成像技术，尤其在新生儿科。本研究探讨了胸部超声在新生儿护理中的当前方法、应用和益处，重点介绍了其在评估胸膜形态、肺实变和膈肌功能方面的应用。关键的超声表现，如A线、B线和胸膜滑动征，有助于诊断各种肺部疾病，包括气胸和呼吸窘迫综合征。本综述强调了肺部超声（LUS）在预测新生儿重症监护需求、减少对X射线的依赖以及改善新生儿暂时性呼吸急促等疾病的早期诊断方面日益重要的作用。超声评分系统的使用提高了诊断准确性，使胸部超声成为新生儿护理方案中从出生起进行实时、无辐射评估的一项有价值的补充。
